Class Model

Object-relational mapper.

DBO-backed object data model. Automatically selects a database table name based on a pluralized lowercase object class name (i.e. class 'User' => table 'users'; class 'Man' => table 'men') The table is required to have at least 'id auto_increment' primary key.

CakeObject

Model implements CakeEventListener

Direct Subclasses

Indirect Subclasses

Package: Cake\Model
Link: http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models.html
Copyright: Copyright (c) Cake Software Foundation, Inc. (http://cakefoundation.org)
License: MIT License
Location: Cake/Model/Model.php

Properties summary

$Behaviors public

BehaviorCollection

Holds the Behavior objects currently bound to this model.
$__backAssociation public

array

Holds model associations temporarily to allow for dynamic (un)binding.
$__backContainableAssociation public

array

Back containable association
$__backInnerAssociation public

array

Back inner association
$__backOriginalAssociation public

array

Back original association
$__safeUpdateMode public

boolean

Safe update mode If true, this prevents Model::save() from generating a query with WHERE 1 = 1 on race condition.
$_associationKeys protected

array

Default list of association keys.
$_associations protected

array

Holds provided/generated association key names and other data for all associations.
$_eventManager protected

CakeEventManager

Instance of the CakeEventManager this model is using to dispatch inner events.
$_insertID protected

integer

The ID of the model record that was last inserted.
$_schema protected

array

Field-by-field table metadata.
$_sourceConfigured protected

boolean

Has the datasource been configured.
$_validator protected

ModelValidator

Instance of the ModelValidator
$actsAs public

array

List of behaviors to load when the model object is initialized. Settings can be passed to behaviors by using the behavior name as index.
$alias public

string

Alias name for model.
$belongsTo public

array

Detailed list of belongsTo associations.
$cacheQueries public

boolean

Whether or not to cache queries for this model. This enables in-memory caching only, the results are not stored beyond the current request.
$cacheSources public

boolean

Whether or not to cache sources for this model.
$data public

array

Container for the data that this model gets from persistent storage (usually, a database).
$displayField public

string

Custom display field name. Display fields are used by Scaffold, in SELECT boxes' OPTION elements.
$findMethods public

array

List of valid finder method options, supplied as the first parameter to find().
$findQueryType public

string

Type of find query currently executing.
$hasAndBelongsToMany public

array

Detailed list of hasAndBelongsToMany associations.
$hasMany public

array

Detailed list of hasMany associations.
$hasOne public

array

Detailed list of hasOne associations.
$id public

mixed

Value of the primary key ID of the record that this model is currently pointing to. Automatically set after database insertions.
$name public

string

Name of the model.
$order public

string

The column name(s) and direction(s) to order find results by default.
$plugin public

string

Plugin model belongs to.
$primaryKey public

string

The name of the primary key field for this model.
$recursive public

integer

Number of associations to recurse through during find calls. Fetches only the first level by default.
$schemaName public

string

Holds physical schema/database name for this model. Automatically set during Model creation.
$table public

string

Table name for this Model.
$tablePrefix public

string

Database table prefix for tables in model.
$tableToModel public

array

List of table names included in the model description. Used for associations.
$useConsistentAfterFind public

boolean

If true, afterFind will be passed consistent formatted $results in case of $primary is false. The format will be such as the following.
$useDbConfig public

string

The name of the DataSource connection that this Model uses
$useTable public

string

Custom database table name, or null/false if no table association is desired.
$validate public

array

List of validation rules. It must be an array with the field name as key and using as value one of the following possibilities
$validationDomain public

string

Name of the validation string domain to use when translating validation errors.
$validationErrors public

array

List of validation errors.
$virtualFields public

array

Array of virtual fields this model has. Virtual fields are aliased SQL expressions. Fields added to this property will be read as other fields in a model but will not be saveable.
$whitelist public

array

Whitelist of fields allowed to be saved.

Method Summary

__call() public

Handles custom method calls, like findBy for DB models, and custom RPC calls for remote data sources.
__construct() public

Constructor. Binds the model's database table to the object.
__get() public

Returns the value of the requested variable if it can be set by __isset()
__isset() public

Handles the lazy loading of model associations by looking in the association arrays for the requested variable
_addToWhiteList() protected

Helper method for saveAll() and friends, to add foreign key to fieldlist
_clearCache() protected

Clears cache for this model.
_collectForeignKeys() protected

Collects foreign keys from associations.
_constructLinkedModel() protected

Protected helper method to create associated models of a given class.
_createLinks() protected

Create a set of associations.
_deleteDependent() protected

Cascades model deletes through associated hasMany and hasOne child records.
_deleteLinks() protected

Cascades model deletes through HABTM join keys.
_doSave() protected

Saves model data (based on white-list, if supplied) to the database. By default, validation occurs before save.
_filterResults() protected

Passes query results through model and behavior afterFind() methods.
_findAll() protected

Handles the before/after filter logic for find('all') operations. Only called by Model::find().
_findCount() protected

Handles the before/after filter logic for find('count') operations. Only called by Model::find().
_findFirst() protected

Handles the before/after filter logic for find('first') operations. Only called by Model::find().
_findList() protected

Handles the before/after filter logic for find('list') operations. Only called by Model::find().
_findNeighbors() protected

Detects the previous field's value, then uses logic to find the 'wrapping' rows and return them.
_findThreaded() protected

In the event of ambiguous results returned (multiple top level results, with different parent_ids) top level results with different parent_ids to the first result will be dropped
_generateAssociation() protected

Build an array-based association from string.
_isUUIDField() protected

Check if the passed in field is a UUID field
_normalizeXmlData() protected

Normalize Xml::toArray() to use in Model::save()
_prepareUpdateFields() protected

Helper method for Model::updateCounterCache(). Checks the fields to be updated for
_readDataSource() protected

Read from the datasource
_saveMulti() protected

Saves model hasAndBelongsToMany data to the database.
_setAliasData() protected

Move values to alias
afterDelete() public

Called after every deletion operation.
afterFind() public

Called after each find operation. Can be used to modify any results returned by find(). Return value should be the (modified) results.
afterSave() public

Called after each successful save operation.
afterValidate() public

Called after data has been checked for errors
associations() public

Get associations
beforeDelete() public

Called before every deletion operation.
beforeFind() public

Called before each find operation. Return false if you want to halt the find call, otherwise return the (modified) query data.
beforeSave() public

Called before each save operation, after validation. Return a non-true result to halt the save.
beforeValidate() public

Called during validation operations, before validation. Please note that custom validation rules can be defined in $validate.
bindModel() public

Bind model associations on the fly.
buildQuery() public

Builds the query array that is used by the data source to generate the query to fetch the data.
clear() public

This function is a convenient wrapper class to create(false) and, as the name suggests, clears the id, data, and validation errors.
create() public

Initializes the model for writing a new record, loading the default values for those fields that are not defined in $data, and clearing previous validation errors. Especially helpful for saving data in loops.
deconstruct() public

Deconstructs a complex data type (array or object) into a single field value.
delete() public

Removes record for given ID. If no ID is given, the current ID is used. Returns true on success.
deleteAll() public

Deletes multiple model records based on a set of conditions.
escapeField() public

Escapes the field name and prepends the model name. Escaping is done according to the current database driver's rules.
exists() public

Returns true if a record with particular ID exists.
field() public

Returns the content of a single field given the supplied conditions, of the first record in the supplied order.
find() public

Queries the datasource and returns a result set array.
getAffectedRows() public

Returns the number of rows affected by the last query.
getAssociated() public

Gets all the models with which this model is associated.
getColumnType() public

Returns the column type of a column in the model.
getColumnTypes() public

Returns an associative array of field names and column types.
getDataSource() public

Gets the DataSource to which this model is bound.
getEventManager() public

Returns the CakeEventManager manager instance that is handling any callbacks. You can use this instance to register any new listeners or callbacks to the model events, or create your own events and trigger them at will.
getID() public

Returns the current record's ID
getInsertID() public

Returns the ID of the last record this model inserted.
getLastInsertID() public

Returns the ID of the last record this model inserted.
getNumRows() public

Returns the number of rows returned from the last query.
getVirtualField() public

Returns the expression for a model virtual field
hasAny() public

Returns true if a record that meets given conditions exists.
hasField() public

Returns true if the supplied field exists in the model's database table.
hasMethod() public

Check that a method is callable on a model. This will check both the model's own methods, its inherited methods and methods that could be callable through behaviors.
implementedEvents() public

Returns a list of all events that will fire in the model during it's lifecycle. You can override this function to add your own listener callbacks
invalidFields() public

Returns an array of fields that have failed the validation of the current model.
invalidate() public

Marks a field as invalid, optionally setting the name of validation rule (in case of multiple validation for field) that was broken.
isForeignKey() public

Returns true if given field name is a foreign key in this model.
isUnique() public

Returns false if any fields passed match any (by default, all if $or = false) of their matching values.
isVirtualField() public

Returns true if the supplied field is a model Virtual Field
joinModel() public

Gets the name and fields to be used by a join model. This allows specifying join fields in the association definition.
onError() public

Called when a DataSource-level error occurs.
query() public

Returns a resultset for a given SQL statement. Custom SQL queries should be performed with this method.
read() public

Returns a list of fields from the database, and sets the current model data (Model::$data) with the record found.
resetAssociations() public

This resets the association arrays for the model back to those originally defined in the model. Normally called at the end of each call to Model::find()
save() public

Saves model data (based on white-list, if supplied) to the database. By default, validation occurs before save. Passthrough method to _doSave() with transaction handling.
saveAll() public

Backwards compatible passthrough method for: saveMany(), validateMany(), saveAssociated() and validateAssociated()
saveAssociated() public

Saves a single record, as well as all its directly associated records.
saveField() public

Saves the value of a single field to the database, based on the current model ID.
saveMany() public

Saves multiple individual records for a single model
schema() public

Returns an array of table metadata (column names and types) from the database. $field => keys(type, null, default, key, length, extra)
set() public

This function does two things:
setDataSource() public

Sets the DataSource to which this model is bound.
setInsertID() public

Sets the ID of the last record this model inserted
setSource() public

Sets a custom table for your model class. Used by your controller to select a database table.
unbindModel() public

Turn off associations on the fly.
updateAll() public

Updates multiple model records based on a set of conditions.
updateCounterCache() public

Updates the counter cache of belongsTo associations after a save or delete operation
validateAssociated() public

Validates a single record, as well as all its directly associated records.
validateMany() public

Validates multiple individual records for a single model
validates() public

Returns true if all fields pass validation. Will validate hasAndBelongsToMany associations that use the 'with' key as well. Since _saveMulti is incapable of exiting a save operation.
validator() public

Returns an instance of a model validator for this class

Method Detail

__call() public ¶

__call( string $method , array $params )

Handles custom method calls, like findBy for DB models, and custom RPC calls for remote data sources.

Parameters

string $method: Name of method to call.
array $params: Parameters for the method.

Returns

mixed
Whatever is returned by called method

__construct() public ¶

__construct( boolean|integer|string|array $id = false , string $table = null , string $ds = null )

Constructor. Binds the model's database table to the object.

If $id is an array it can be used to pass several options into the model.

id: The id to start the model on.
table: The table to use for this model.
ds: The connection name this model is connected to.
name: The name of the model eg. Post.
alias: The alias of the model, this is used for registering the instance in the ClassRegistry. eg. ParentThread

Overriding Model's __construct method.

When overriding Model::__construct() be careful to include and pass in all 3 of the arguments to parent::__construct($id, $table, $ds);

Dynamically creating models

You can dynamically create model instances using the $id array syntax.

$Post = new Model(array('table' => 'posts', 'name' => 'Post', 'ds' => 'connection2'));

Would create a model attached to the posts table on connection2. Dynamic model creation is useful when you want a model object that contains no associations or attached behaviors.

Parameters

boolean|integer|string|array $id optional false: Set this ID for this model on startup, can also be an array of options, see above.
string $table optional null: Name of database table to use.
string $ds optional null: DataSource connection name.

Overrides

CakeObject::__construct()

__get() public ¶

__get( string $name )

Returns the value of the requested variable if it can be set by __isset()

Parameters

string $name: variable requested for it's value or reference

Returns

mixed
value of requested variable if it is set

__isset() public ¶

__isset( string $name )

Handles the lazy loading of model associations by looking in the association arrays for the requested variable

Parameters

string $name: variable tested for existence in class

Returns

boolean
true if the variable exists (if is a not loaded model association it will be created), false otherwise

_addToWhiteList() protected ¶

_addToWhiteList( string $key , array $options )

Helper method for saveAll() and friends, to add foreign key to fieldlist

Parameters

string $key: fieldname to be added to list
array $options: Options list

Returns

array
options

_clearCache() protected ¶

_clearCache( string $type = null )

Clears cache for this model.

Parameters

string $type optional null: If null this deletes cached views if Cache.check is true Will be used to allow deleting query cache also

Returns

mixed
True on delete, null otherwise

_collectForeignKeys() protected ¶

_collectForeignKeys( string $type = 'belongsTo' )

Collects foreign keys from associations.

Parameters

string $type optional 'belongsTo': Association type.

Returns

array

_constructLinkedModel() protected ¶

_constructLinkedModel( string $assoc , string $className = null , string $plugin = null )

Protected helper method to create associated models of a given class.

Parameters

string $assoc

Association name

string $className optional null

Class name

string $plugin optional null

name of the plugin where $className is located examples: public $hasMany = array('Assoc' => array('className' => 'ModelName')); usage: $this->Assoc->modelMethods();

            public $hasMany = array('ModelName');
                usage: $this->ModelName->modelMethods();

_createLinks() protected ¶

_createLinks( )

Create a set of associations.

_deleteDependent() protected ¶

_deleteDependent( string $id , boolean $cascade )

Cascades model deletes through associated hasMany and hasOne child records.

Parameters

string $id: ID of record that was deleted
boolean $cascade: Set to true to delete records that depend on this record

_deleteLinks() protected ¶

_deleteLinks( string $id )

Cascades model deletes through HABTM join keys.

Parameters

string $id: ID of record that was deleted

_doSave() protected ¶

_doSave( array $data = null , array $options = array() )

Saves model data (based on white-list, if supplied) to the database. By default, validation occurs before save.

Parameters

array $data optional null

Data to save.

array $options optional array()

can have following keys:

validate: Set to true/false to enable or disable validation.
fieldList: An array of fields you want to allow for saving.
callbacks: Set to false to disable callbacks. Using 'before' or 'after' will enable only those callbacks.
counterCache: Boolean to control updating of counter caches (if any)

Returns

mixed
On success Model::$data if its not empty or true, false on failure

Throws

PDOException

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/saving-your-data.html

_filterResults() protected ¶

_filterResults( array $results , boolean $primary = true )

Passes query results through model and behavior afterFind() methods.

Parameters

array $results: Results to filter
boolean $primary optional true: If this is the primary model results (results from model where the find operation was performed)

Returns

array
Set of filtered results

Triggers

Model.afterFind $this, array($results, $primary)

_findAll() protected ¶

_findAll( string $state , array $query , array $results = array() )

Handles the before/after filter logic for find('all') operations. Only called by Model::find().

Parameters

string $state: Either "before" or "after"
array $query: Query.
array $results optional array(): Results.

Returns

array

See

Model::find()

_findCount() protected ¶

_findCount( string $state , array $query , array $results = array() )

Handles the before/after filter logic for find('count') operations. Only called by Model::find().

Parameters

string $state: Either "before" or "after"
array $query: Query.
array $results optional array(): Results.

Returns

integer
The number of records found, or false

See

Model::find()

_findFirst() protected ¶

_findFirst( string $state , array $query , array $results = array() )

Handles the before/after filter logic for find('first') operations. Only called by Model::find().

Parameters

string $state: Either "before" or "after"
array $query: Query.
array $results optional array(): Results.

Returns

array

See

Model::find()

_findList() protected ¶

_findList( string $state , array $query , array $results = array() )

Handles the before/after filter logic for find('list') operations. Only called by Model::find().

Parameters

string $state: Either "before" or "after"
array $query: Query.
array $results optional array(): Results.

Returns

array
Key/value pairs of primary keys/display field values of all records found

See

Model::find()

_findNeighbors() protected ¶

_findNeighbors( string $state , array $query , array $results = array() )

Detects the previous field's value, then uses logic to find the 'wrapping' rows and return them.

Parameters

string $state: Either "before" or "after"
array $query: Query.
array $results optional array(): Results.

Returns

array

_findThreaded() protected ¶

_findThreaded( string $state , array $query , array $results = array() )

In the event of ambiguous results returned (multiple top level results, with different parent_ids) top level results with different parent_ids to the first result will be dropped

Parameters

string $state: Either "before" or "after".
array $query: Query.
array $results optional array(): Results.

Returns

array
Threaded results

_generateAssociation() protected ¶

_generateAssociation( string $type , string $assocKey )

Build an array-based association from string.

Parameters

string $type: 'belongsTo', 'hasOne', 'hasMany', 'hasAndBelongsToMany'
string $assocKey: Association key.

_isUUIDField() protected ¶

_isUUIDField( string $field )

Check if the passed in field is a UUID field

Parameters

string $field: the field to check

Returns

boolean

_normalizeXmlData() protected ¶

_normalizeXmlData( array $xml )

Normalize Xml::toArray() to use in Model::save()

Parameters

array $xml: XML as array

Returns

array

_prepareUpdateFields() protected ¶

_prepareUpdateFields( array $data )

Helper method for Model::updateCounterCache(). Checks the fields to be updated for

Parameters

array $data: The fields of the record that will be updated

Returns

array

Returns updated foreign key values, along with an 'old' key containing the old values, or empty if no foreign keys are updated.

_readDataSource() protected ¶

_readDataSource( string $type , array $query )

Read from the datasource

Model::_readDataSource() is used by all find() calls to read from the data source and can be overloaded to allow caching of datasource calls.

protected function _readDataSource($type, $query) {
    $cacheName = md5(json_encode($query) . json_encode($this->hasOne) . json_encode($this->belongsTo));
    $cache = Cache::read($cacheName, 'cache-config-name');
    if ($cache !== false) {
        return $cache;
    }

    $results = parent::_readDataSource($type, $query);
    Cache::write($cacheName, $results, 'cache-config-name');
    return $results;
}

Parameters

string $type: Type of find operation (all / first / count / neighbors / list / threaded)
array $query: Option fields (conditions / fields / joins / limit / offset / order / page / group / callbacks)

Returns

array

_saveMulti() protected ¶

_saveMulti( array $joined , integer|string $id , DataSource $db )

Saves model hasAndBelongsToMany data to the database.

Parameters

array $joined: Data to save
integer|string $id: ID of record in this model
DataSource $db: Datasource instance.

_setAliasData() protected ¶

_setAliasData( array $data )

Move values to alias

Parameters

array $data: Data.

Returns

array

afterDelete() public ¶

afterDelete( )

Called after every deletion operation.

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/callback-methods.html#afterdelete

afterFind() public ¶

afterFind( mixed $results , boolean $primary = false )

Called after each find operation. Can be used to modify any results returned by find(). Return value should be the (modified) results.

Parameters

mixed $results: The results of the find operation
boolean $primary optional false: Whether this model is being queried directly (vs. being queried as an association)

Returns

mixed
Result of the find operation

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/callback-methods.html#afterfind

afterSave() public ¶

afterSave( boolean $created , array $options = array() )

Called after each successful save operation.

Parameters

boolean $created: True if this save created a new record
array $options optional array(): Options passed from Model::save().

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/callback-methods.html#aftersave

See

Model::save()

afterValidate() public ¶

afterValidate( )

Called after data has been checked for errors

associations() public ¶

associations( )

Get associations

Returns

array

beforeDelete() public ¶

beforeDelete( boolean $cascade = true )

Called before every deletion operation.

Parameters

boolean $cascade optional true: If true records that depend on this record will also be deleted

Returns

boolean
True if the operation should continue, false if it should abort

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/callback-methods.html#beforedelete

beforeFind() public ¶

beforeFind( array $query )

Called before each find operation. Return false if you want to halt the find call, otherwise return the (modified) query data.

Parameters

array $query: Data used to execute this query, i.e. conditions, order, etc.

Returns

mixed

true if the operation should continue, false if it should abort; or, modified $query to continue with new $query

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/callback-methods.html#beforefind

beforeSave() public ¶

beforeSave( array $options = array() )

Called before each save operation, after validation. Return a non-true result to halt the save.

Parameters

array $options optional array(): Options passed from Model::save().

Returns

boolean
True if the operation should continue, false if it should abort

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/callback-methods.html#beforesave

See

Model::save()

beforeValidate() public ¶

beforeValidate( array $options = array() )

Called during validation operations, before validation. Please note that custom validation rules can be defined in $validate.

Parameters

array $options optional array(): Options passed from Model::save().

Returns

boolean
True if validate operation should continue, false to abort

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/callback-methods.html#beforevalidate

See

Model::save()

bindModel() public ¶

bindModel( array $params , boolean $reset = true )

Bind model associations on the fly.

If $reset is false, association will not be reset to the originals defined in the model

Example: Add a new hasOne binding to the Profile model not defined in the model source code:

$this->User->bindModel(array('hasOne' => array('Profile')));

Bindings that are not made permanent will be reset by the next Model::find() call on this model.

Parameters

array $params: Set of bindings (indexed by binding type)
boolean $reset optional true: Set to false to make the binding permanent

Returns

boolean
Success

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/associations-linking-models-together.html#creating-and-destroying-associations-on-the-fly

buildQuery() public ¶

buildQuery( string $type = 'first' , array $query = array() )

Builds the query array that is used by the data source to generate the query to fetch the data.

Parameters

string $type optional 'first': Type of find operation (all / first / count / neighbors / list / threaded)
array $query optional array(): Option fields (conditions / fields / joins / limit / offset / order / page / group / callbacks)

Returns

array|null
Query array or null if it could not be build for some reasons

Triggers

Model.beforeFind $this, array($query)

See

Model::find()

clear() public ¶

clear( )

This function is a convenient wrapper class to create(false) and, as the name suggests, clears the id, data, and validation errors.

Returns

boolean
Always true upon success

See

Model::create()

create() public ¶

create( boolean|array $data = array() , boolean $filterKey = false )

Initializes the model for writing a new record, loading the default values for those fields that are not defined in $data, and clearing previous validation errors. Especially helpful for saving data in loops.

Parameters

boolean|array $data optional array(): Optional data array to assign to the model after it is created. If null or false, schema data defaults are not merged.
boolean $filterKey optional false: If true, overwrites any primary key input with an empty value

Returns

array
The current Model::data; after merging $data and/or defaults from database

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/saving-your-data.html#model-create-array-data-array

deconstruct() public ¶

deconstruct( string $field , array|object $data )

Deconstructs a complex data type (array or object) into a single field value.

Parameters

string $field: The name of the field to be deconstructed
array|object $data: An array or object to be deconstructed into a field

Returns

mixed
The resulting data that should be assigned to a field

delete() public ¶

delete( integer|string $id = null , boolean $cascade = true )

Removes record for given ID. If no ID is given, the current ID is used. Returns true on success.

Parameters

integer|string $id optional null: ID of record to delete
boolean $cascade optional true: Set to true to delete records that depend on this record

Returns

boolean
True on success

Triggers

Model.beforeDelete $this, array($cascade)
Model.afterDelete $this

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/deleting-data.html

deleteAll() public ¶

deleteAll( mixed $conditions , boolean $cascade = true , boolean $callbacks = false )

Deletes multiple model records based on a set of conditions.

Parameters

mixed $conditions: Conditions to match
boolean $cascade optional true: Set to true to delete records that depend on this record
boolean $callbacks optional false: Run callbacks

Returns

boolean
True on success, false on failure

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/deleting-data.html#deleteall

escapeField() public ¶

escapeField( string $field = null , string $alias = null )

Escapes the field name and prepends the model name. Escaping is done according to the current database driver's rules.

Parameters

string $field optional null: Field to escape (e.g: id)
string $alias optional null: Alias for the model (e.g: Post)

Returns

string
The name of the escaped field for this Model (i.e. id becomes Post.id).

exists() public ¶

exists( integer|string $id = null )

Returns true if a record with particular ID exists.

If $id is not passed it calls Model::getID() to obtain the current record ID, and then performs a Model::find('count') on the currently configured datasource to ascertain the existence of the record in persistent storage.

Parameters

integer|string $id optional null: ID of record to check for existence

Returns

boolean
True if such a record exists

field() public ¶

field( string $name , array $conditions = null , string $order = null )

Returns the content of a single field given the supplied conditions, of the first record in the supplied order.

Parameters

string $name: The name of the field to get.
array $conditions optional null: SQL conditions (defaults to NULL).
string $order optional null: SQL ORDER BY fragment.

Returns

string|false
Field content, or false if not found.

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/retrieving-your-data.html#model-field

find() public ¶

find( string $type = 'first' , array $query = array() )

Queries the datasource and returns a result set array.

Used to perform find operations, where the first argument is type of find operation to perform (all / first / count / neighbors / list / threaded), second parameter options for finding (indexed array, including: 'conditions', 'limit', 'recursive', 'page', 'fields', 'offset', 'order', 'callbacks')

Eg:

$model->find('all', array(
  'conditions' => array('name' => 'Thomas Anderson'),
  'fields' => array('name', 'email'),
  'order' => 'field3 DESC',
  'recursive' => 1,
  'group' => 'type',
  'callbacks' => false,
));

In addition to the standard query keys above, you can provide Datasource, and behavior specific keys. For example, when using a SQL based datasource you can use the joins key to specify additional joins that should be part of the query.

$model->find('all', array(
  'conditions' => array('name' => 'Thomas Anderson'),
  'joins' => array(
    array(
      'alias' => 'Thought',
      'table' => 'thoughts',
      'type' => 'LEFT',
      'conditions' => '`Thought`.`person_id` = `Person`.`id`'
    )
  )
));

Disabling callbacks

The callbacks key allows you to disable or specify the callbacks that should be run. To disable beforeFind & afterFind callbacks set 'callbacks' => false in your options. You can also set the callbacks option to 'before' or 'after' to enable only the specified callback.

Adding new find types

Behaviors and find types can also define custom finder keys which are passed into find(). See the documentation for custom find types (http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/retrieving-your-data.html#creating-custom-find-types) for how to implement custom find types.

Specifying 'fields' for notation 'list':

If no fields are specified, then 'id' is used for key and 'model->displayField' is used for value.
If a single field is specified, 'id' is used for key and specified field is used for value.
If three fields are specified, they are used (in order) for key, value and group.
Otherwise, first and second fields are used for key and value.

Note: find(list) + database views have issues with MySQL 5.0. Try upgrading to MySQL 5.1 if you have issues with database views.

Note: find(count) has its own return values.

Parameters

string $type optional 'first': Type of find operation (all / first / count / neighbors / list / threaded)
array $query optional array(): Option fields (conditions / fields / joins / limit / offset / order / page / group / callbacks)

Returns

array|null
Array of records, or Null on failure.

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/retrieving-your-data.html

getAffectedRows() public ¶

getAffectedRows( )

Returns the number of rows affected by the last query.

Returns

integer
Number of rows

getAssociated() public ¶

getAssociated( string $type = null )

Gets all the models with which this model is associated.

Parameters

string $type optional null: Only result associations of this type

Returns

array|null
Associations

getColumnType() public ¶

getColumnType( string $column )

Returns the column type of a column in the model.

Parameters

string $column: The name of the model column

Returns

string
Column type

getColumnTypes() public ¶

getColumnTypes( )

Returns an associative array of field names and column types.

Returns

array
Field types indexed by field name

getDataSource() public ¶

getDataSource( )

Gets the DataSource to which this model is bound.

Returns

DataSource
A DataSource object

getEventManager() public ¶

getEventManager( )

Returns the CakeEventManager manager instance that is handling any callbacks. You can use this instance to register any new listeners or callbacks to the model events, or create your own events and trigger them at will.

Returns

CakeEventManager

getID() public ¶

getID( integer $list = 0 )

Returns the current record's ID

Parameters

integer $list optional 0: Index on which the composed ID is located

Returns

mixed
The ID of the current record, false if no ID

getInsertID() public ¶

getInsertID( )

Returns the ID of the last record this model inserted.

Returns

mixed
Last inserted ID

getLastInsertID() public ¶

getLastInsertID( )

Returns the ID of the last record this model inserted.

Returns

mixed
Last inserted ID

getNumRows() public ¶

getNumRows( )

Returns the number of rows returned from the last query.

Returns

integer
Number of rows

getVirtualField() public ¶

getVirtualField( string $field = null )

Returns the expression for a model virtual field

Parameters

string $field optional null: Name of field to look for

Returns

mixed

If $field is string expression bound to virtual field $field If $field is null, returns an array of all model virtual fields or false if none $field exist.

hasAny() public ¶

hasAny( array $conditions = null )

Returns true if a record that meets given conditions exists.

Parameters

array $conditions optional null: SQL conditions array

Returns

boolean
True if such a record exists

hasField() public ¶

hasField( string|array $name , boolean $checkVirtual = false )

Returns true if the supplied field exists in the model's database table.

Parameters

string|array $name: Name of field to look for, or an array of names
boolean $checkVirtual optional false: checks if the field is declared as virtual

Returns

mixed

If $name is a string, returns a boolean indicating whether the field exists. If $name is an array of field names, returns the first field that exists, or false if none exist.

hasMethod() public ¶

hasMethod( string $method )

Check that a method is callable on a model. This will check both the model's own methods, its inherited methods and methods that could be callable through behaviors.

Parameters

string $method: The method to be called.

Returns

boolean
True on method being callable.

implementedEvents() public ¶

implementedEvents( )

Returns a list of all events that will fire in the model during it's lifecycle. You can override this function to add your own listener callbacks

Returns

array

Implementation of

CakeEventListener::implementedEvents()

invalidFields() public ¶

invalidFields( array|string $options = array() )

Returns an array of fields that have failed the validation of the current model.

Additionally it populates the validationErrors property of the model with the same array.

Parameters

array|string $options optional array(): An optional array of custom options to be made available in the beforeValidate callback

Returns

array
Array of invalid fields and their error messages

See

Model::validates()

invalidate() public ¶

invalidate( string $field , mixed $value = true )

Marks a field as invalid, optionally setting the name of validation rule (in case of multiple validation for field) that was broken.

Parameters

string $field: The name of the field to invalidate
mixed $value optional true: Name of validation rule that was not failed, or validation message to be returned. If no validation key is provided, defaults to true.

isForeignKey() public ¶

isForeignKey( string $field )

Returns true if given field name is a foreign key in this model.

Parameters

string $field: Returns true if the input string ends in "_id"

Returns

boolean
True if the field is a foreign key listed in the belongsTo array.

isUnique() public ¶

isUnique( array $fields , boolean|array $or = true )

Returns false if any fields passed match any (by default, all if $or = false) of their matching values.

Can be used as a validation method. When used as a validation method, the $or parameter contains an array of fields to be validated.

Parameters

array $fields: Field/value pairs to search (if no values specified, they are pulled from $this->data)
boolean|array $or optional true: If false, all fields specified must match in order for a false return value

Returns

boolean
False if any records matching any fields are found

isVirtualField() public ¶

isVirtualField( string $field )

Returns true if the supplied field is a model Virtual Field

Parameters

string $field: Name of field to look for

Returns

boolean
indicating whether the field exists as a model virtual field.

joinModel() public ¶

joinModel( string|array $assoc , array $keys = array() )

Gets the name and fields to be used by a join model. This allows specifying join fields in the association definition.

Parameters

string|array $assoc: The model to be joined
array $keys optional array(): Any join keys which must be merged with the keys queried

Returns

array

onError() public ¶

onError( )

Called when a DataSource-level error occurs.

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/callback-methods.html#onerror

query() public ¶

query( string $sql )

Returns a resultset for a given SQL statement. Custom SQL queries should be performed with this method.

The method can options 2nd and 3rd parameters.

2nd param: Either a boolean to control query caching or an array of parameters for use with prepared statement placeholders.
3rd param: If 2nd argument is provided, a boolean flag for enabling/disabled query caching.

If the query cache param as 2nd or 3rd argument is not given then the model's default $cacheQueries value is used.

Parameters

string $sql: SQL statement

Returns

mixed
Resultset array or boolean indicating success / failure depending on the query executed

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/retrieving-your-data.html#model-query

read() public ¶

read( string|array $fields = null , integer|string $id = null )

Returns a list of fields from the database, and sets the current model data (Model::$data) with the record found.

Parameters

string|array $fields optional null: String of single field name, or an array of field names.
integer|string $id optional null: The ID of the record to read

Returns

array
Array of database fields, or false if not found

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/retrieving-your-data.html#model-read

resetAssociations() public ¶

resetAssociations( )

This resets the association arrays for the model back to those originally defined in the model. Normally called at the end of each call to Model::find()

Returns

boolean
Success

save() public ¶

save( array $data = null , boolean|array $validate = true , array $fieldList = array() )

Saves model data (based on white-list, if supplied) to the database. By default, validation occurs before save. Passthrough method to _doSave() with transaction handling.

Parameters

array $data optional null

Data to save.

boolean|array $validate optional true

Either a boolean, or an array. If a boolean, indicates whether or not to validate before saving. If an array, can have following keys:

atomic: If true (default), will attempt to save the record in a single transaction.
validate: Set to true/false to enable or disable validation.
fieldList: An array of fields you want to allow for saving.
callbacks: Set to false to disable callbacks. Using 'before' or 'after' will enable only those callbacks.
counterCache: Boolean to control updating of counter caches (if any)

array $fieldList optional array()

List of fields to allow to be saved

Returns

mixed
On success Model::$data if its not empty or true, false on failure

Throws

Exception
PDOException

Triggers

Model.beforeSave $this, array($options)
Model.afterSave $this, array($created, $options)

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/saving-your-data.html

saveAll() public ¶

saveAll( array $data = array() , array $options = array() )

Backwards compatible passthrough method for: saveMany(), validateMany(), saveAssociated() and validateAssociated()

Saves multiple individual records for a single model; Also works with a single record, as well as all its associated records.

Options

validate: Set to false to disable validation, true to validate each record before saving, 'first' to validate all records before any are saved (default), or 'only' to only validate the records, but not save them.
atomic: If true (default), will attempt to save all records in a single transaction. Should be set to false if database/table does not support transactions.
fieldList: Equivalent to the $fieldList parameter in Model::save(). It should be an associate array with model name as key and array of fields as value. Eg. array( 'SomeModel' => array('field'), 'AssociatedModel' => array('field', 'otherfield') )
deep: See saveMany/saveAssociated
callbacks: See Model::save()
counterCache: See Model::save()

Parameters

array $data optional array(): Record data to save. This can be either a numerically-indexed array (for saving multiple records of the same type), or an array indexed by association name.
array $options optional array(): Options to use when saving record data, See $options above.

Returns

mixed

If atomic: True on success, or false on failure. Otherwise: array similar to the $data array passed, but values are set to true/false depending on whether each record saved successfully.

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/saving-your-data.html#model-saveassociated-array-data-null-array-options-array
http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/saving-your-data.html#model-saveall-array-data-null-array-options-array

saveAssociated() public ¶

saveAssociated( array $data = null , array $options = array() )

Saves a single record, as well as all its directly associated records.

Options

validate: Set to false to disable validation, true to validate each record before saving, 'first' to validate all records before any are saved(default),
atomic: If true (default), will attempt to save all records in a single transaction. Should be set to false if database/table does not support transactions.
fieldList: Equivalent to the $fieldList parameter in Model::save(). It should be an associate array with model name as key and array of fields as value. Eg. array( 'SomeModel' => array('field'), 'AssociatedModel' => array('field', 'otherfield') )
deep: If set to true, not only directly associated data is saved, but deeper nested associated data as well.
callbacks: See Model::save()
counterCache: See Model::save()

Parameters

array $data optional null: Record data to save. This should be an array indexed by association name.
array $options optional array(): Options to use when saving record data, See $options above.

Returns

mixed

If atomic: True on success, or false on failure. Otherwise: array similar to the $data array passed, but values are set to true/false depending on whether each record saved successfully.

Throws

PDOException

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/saving-your-data.html#model-saveassociated-array-data-null-array-options-array

saveField() public ¶

saveField( string $name , mixed $value , boolean|array $validate = false )

Saves the value of a single field to the database, based on the current model ID.

Parameters

string $name: Name of the table field
mixed $value: Value of the field
boolean|array $validate optional false: Either a boolean, or an array. If a boolean, indicates whether or not to validate before saving. If an array, allows control of 'validate', 'callbacks' and 'counterCache' options. See Model::save() for details of each options.

Returns

boolean|array
See Model::save() False on failure or an array of model data on success.

See

Model::save()

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/saving-your-data.html#model-savefield-string-fieldname-string-fieldvalue-validate-false

saveMany() public ¶

saveMany( array $data = null , array $options = array() )

Saves multiple individual records for a single model

Options

validate: Set to false to disable validation, true to validate each record before saving, 'first' to validate all records before any are saved (default),
atomic: If true (default), will attempt to save all records in a single transaction. Should be set to false if database/table does not support transactions.
fieldList: Equivalent to the $fieldList parameter in Model::save()
deep: If set to true, all associated data will be saved as well.
callbacks: See Model::save()
counterCache: See Model::save()

Parameters

array $data optional null: Record data to save. This should be a numerically-indexed array
array $options optional array(): Options to use when saving record data, See $options above.

Returns

mixed

If atomic: True on success, or false on failure. Otherwise: array similar to the $data array passed, but values are set to true/false depending on whether each record saved successfully.

Throws

PDOException

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/saving-your-data.html#model-savemany-array-data-null-array-options-array

schema() public ¶

schema( boolean|string $field = false )

Returns an array of table metadata (column names and types) from the database. $field => keys(type, null, default, key, length, extra)

Parameters

boolean|string $field optional false: Set to true to reload schema, or a string to return a specific field

Returns

array|null
Array of table metadata

set() public ¶

set( string|array|SimpleXmlElement|DomNode $one , string $two = null )

This function does two things:

it scans the array $one for the primary key, and if that's found, it sets the current id to the value of $one[id]. For all other keys than 'id' the keys and values of $one are copied to the 'data' property of this object.
Returns an array with all of $one's keys and values. (Alternative indata: two strings, which are mangled to a one-item, two-dimensional array using $one for a key and $two as its value.)

Parameters

string|array|SimpleXmlElement|DomNode $one: Array or string of data
string $two optional null: Value string for the alternative indata method

Returns

array|null
Data with all of $one's keys and values, otherwise null.

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/saving-your-data.html

setDataSource() public ¶

setDataSource( string $dataSource = null )

Sets the DataSource to which this model is bound.

Parameters

string $dataSource optional null: The name of the DataSource, as defined in app/Config/database.php

Throws

MissingConnectionException

setInsertID() public ¶

setInsertID( integer|string $id )

Sets the ID of the last record this model inserted

Parameters

integer|string $id: Last inserted ID

setSource() public ¶

setSource( string $tableName )

Sets a custom table for your model class. Used by your controller to select a database table.

Parameters

string $tableName: Name of the custom table

Throws

MissingTableException
when database table $tableName is not found on data source

unbindModel() public ¶

unbindModel( array $params , boolean $reset = true )

Turn off associations on the fly.

If $reset is false, association will not be reset to the originals defined in the model

Example: Turn off the associated Model Support request, to temporarily lighten the User model:

$this->User->unbindModel(array('hasMany' => array('SupportRequest'))); Or alternatively: $this->User->unbindModel(array('hasMany' => 'SupportRequest'));

Unbound models that are not made permanent will reset with the next call to Model::find()

Parameters

array $params: Set of bindings to unbind (indexed by binding type)
boolean $reset optional true: Set to false to make the unbinding permanent

Returns

boolean
Success

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/associations-linking-models-together.html#creating-and-destroying-associations-on-the-fly

updateAll() public ¶

updateAll( array $fields , mixed $conditions = true )

Updates multiple model records based on a set of conditions.

Parameters

array $fields: Set of fields and values, indexed by fields. Fields are treated as SQL snippets, to insert literal values manually escape your data.
mixed $conditions optional true: Conditions to match, true for all records

Returns

boolean
True on success, false on failure

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/saving-your-data.html#model-updateall-array-fields-mixed-conditions

updateCounterCache() public ¶

updateCounterCache( array $keys = array() , boolean $created = false )

Updates the counter cache of belongsTo associations after a save or delete operation

Parameters

array $keys optional array(): Optional foreign key data, defaults to the information $this->data
boolean $created optional false: True if a new record was created, otherwise only associations with 'counterScope' defined get updated

validateAssociated() public ¶

validateAssociated( array $data , array $options = array() )

Validates a single record, as well as all its directly associated records.

Options

atomic: If true (default), returns boolean. If false returns array.
fieldList: Equivalent to the $fieldList parameter in Model::save()
deep: If set to true, not only directly associated data , but deeper nested associated data is validated as well.

Warning: This method could potentially change the passed argument $data, If you do not want this to happen, make a copy of $data before passing it to this method

Parameters

array $data: $data Record data to validate. This should be an array indexed by association name.
array $options optional array(): Options to use when validating record data (see above), See also $options of validates().

Returns

array|boolean

If atomic: True on success, or false on failure. Otherwise: array similar to the $data array passed, but values are set to true/false depending on whether each record validated successfully.

validateMany() public ¶

validateMany( array $data , array $options = array() )

Validates multiple individual records for a single model

Options

atomic: If true (default), returns boolean. If false returns array.
fieldList: Equivalent to the $fieldList parameter in Model::save()
deep: If set to true, all associated data will be validated as well.

Warning: This method could potentially change the passed argument $data, If you do not want this to happen, make a copy of $data before passing it to this method

Parameters

array $data: $data Record data to validate. This should be a numerically-indexed array
array $options optional array(): Options to use when validating record data (see above), See also $options of validates().

Returns

boolean|array

If atomic: True on success, or false on failure. Otherwise: array similar to the $data array passed, but values are set to true/false depending on whether each record validated successfully.

validates() public ¶

validates( array $options = array() )

Returns true if all fields pass validation. Will validate hasAndBelongsToMany associations that use the 'with' key as well. Since _saveMulti is incapable of exiting a save operation.

Will validate the currently set data. Use Model::set() or Model::create() to set the active data.

Parameters

array $options optional array(): An optional array of custom options to be made available in the beforeValidate callback

Returns

boolean
True if there are no errors

validator() public ¶

validator( ModelValidator $instance = null )

Returns an instance of a model validator for this class

Parameters

ModelValidator $instance optional null: Model validator instance. If null a new ModelValidator instance will be made using current model object

Returns

ModelValidator

Methods inherited from CakeObject

_mergeVars() protected ¶

_mergeVars( array $properties , string $class , boolean $normalize = true )

Merges this objects $property with the property in $class' definition. This classes value for the property will be merged on top of $class'

This provides some of the DRY magic CakePHP provides. If you want to shut it off, redefine this method as an empty function.

Parameters

array $properties: The name of the properties to merge.
string $class: The class to merge the property with.
boolean $normalize optional true: Set to true to run the properties through Hash::normalize() before merging.

_set() protected ¶

_set( array $properties = array() )

Allows setting of multiple properties of the object in a single line of code. Will only set properties that are part of a class declaration.

Parameters

array $properties optional array(): An associative array containing properties and corresponding values.

_stop() protected ¶

_stop( integer|string $status = 0 )

Stop execution of the current script. Wraps exit() making testing easier.

Parameters

integer|string $status optional 0: see http://php.net/exit for values

dispatchMethod() public ¶

dispatchMethod( string $method , array $params = array() )

Calls a method on this object with the given parameters. Provides an OO wrapper for call_user_func_array

Parameters

string $method: Name of the method to call
array $params optional array(): Parameter list to use when calling $method

Returns

mixed
Returns the result of the method call

log() public ¶

log( string $msg , integer $type = LOG_ERR , null|string|array $scope = null )

Convenience method to write a message to CakeLog. See CakeLog::write() for more information on writing to logs.

Parameters

string $msg: Log message
integer $type optional LOG_ERR: Error type constant. Defined in app/Config/core.php.
null|string|array $scope optional null: The scope(s) a log message is being created in. See CakeLog::config() for more information on logging scopes.

Returns

boolean
Success of log write

requestAction() public ¶

requestAction( string|array $url , array $extra = array() )

Calls a controller's method from any location. Can be used to connect controllers together or tie plugins into a main application. requestAction can be used to return rendered views or fetch the return value from controller actions.

Under the hood this method uses Router::reverse() to convert the $url parameter into a string URL. You should use URL formats that are compatible with Router::reverse()

Passing POST and GET data

POST and GET data can be simulated in requestAction. Use $extra['url'] for GET data. The $extra['data'] parameter allows POST data simulation.

Parameters

string|array $url: String or array-based URL. Unlike other URL arrays in CakePHP, this URL will not automatically handle passed and named arguments in the $url parameter.
array $extra optional array(): if array includes the key "return" it sets the AutoRender to true. Can also be used to submit GET/POST data, and named/passed arguments.

Returns

mixed

Boolean true or false on success/failure, or contents of rendered action if 'return' is set in $extra.

toString() public ¶

toString( )

CakeObject-to-string conversion. Each class can override this method as necessary.

Returns

string
The name of this class

Properties detail

`$Behaviors` ¶

public BehaviorCollection

Holds the Behavior objects currently bound to this model.

null

`$__backAssociation` ¶

public array

Holds model associations temporarily to allow for dynamic (un)binding.

array()

`$__backContainableAssociation` ¶

public array

Back containable association

array()

`$__backInnerAssociation` ¶

public array

Back inner association

array()

`$__backOriginalAssociation` ¶

public array

Back original association

array()

`$__safeUpdateMode` ¶

public boolean

Safe update mode If true, this prevents Model::save() from generating a query with WHERE 1 = 1 on race condition.

false

`$_associationKeys` ¶

protected array

Default list of association keys.

array(
    'belongsTo' => array('className', 'foreignKey', 'conditions', 'fields', 'order', 'counterCache'),
    'hasOne' => array('className', 'foreignKey', 'conditions', 'fields', 'order', 'dependent'),
    'hasMany' => array('className', 'foreignKey', 'conditions', 'fields', 'order', 'limit', 'offset', 'dependent', 'exclusive', 'finderQuery', 'counterQuery'),
    'hasAndBelongsToMany' => array('className', 'joinTable', 'with', 'foreignKey', 'associationForeignKey', 'conditions', 'fields', 'order', 'limit', 'offset', 'unique', 'finderQuery')
)

`$_associations` ¶

protected array

Holds provided/generated association key names and other data for all associations.

array('belongsTo', 'hasOne', 'hasMany', 'hasAndBelongsToMany')

`$_eventManager` ¶

protected CakeEventManager

Instance of the CakeEventManager this model is using to dispatch inner events.

null

`$_insertID` ¶

protected integer

The ID of the model record that was last inserted.

null

`$_schema` ¶

protected array

Field-by-field table metadata.

null

`$_sourceConfigured` ¶

protected boolean

Has the datasource been configured.

See

Model::getDataSource

false

`$_validator` ¶

protected ModelValidator

Instance of the ModelValidator

null

`$actsAs` ¶

public array

List of behaviors to load when the model object is initialized. Settings can be passed to behaviors by using the behavior name as index.

For example:

public $actsAs = array(
    'Translate',
    'MyBehavior' => array('setting1' => 'value1')
);

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/behaviors.html#using-behaviors

null

`$alias` ¶

public string

Alias name for model.

null

`$belongsTo` ¶

public array

Detailed list of belongsTo associations.

Basic usage

public $belongsTo = array('Group', 'Department');

Detailed configuration

public $belongsTo = array(
    'Group',
    'Department' => array(
        'className' => 'Department',
        'foreignKey' => 'department_id'
    )
);

Possible keys in association

className: the class name of the model being associated to the current model. If you're defining a 'Profile belongsTo User' relationship, the className key should equal 'User.'
foreignKey: the name of the foreign key found in the current model. This is especially handy if you need to define multiple belongsTo relationships. The default value for this key is the underscored, singular name of the other model, suffixed with '_id'.
conditions: An SQL fragment used to filter related model records. It's good practice to use model names in SQL fragments: 'User.active = 1' is always better than just 'active = 1.'
type: the type of the join to use in the SQL query, default is LEFT which may not fit your needs in all situations, INNER may be helpful when you want everything from your main and associated models or nothing at all!(effective when used with some conditions of course). (NB: type value is in lower case - i.e. left, inner)
fields: A list of fields to be retrieved when the associated model data is fetched. Returns all fields by default.
order: An SQL fragment that defines the sorting order for the returned associated rows.
counterCache: If set to true the associated Model will automatically increase or decrease the "[singular_model_name]_count" field in the foreign table whenever you do a save() or delete(). If its a string then its the field name to use. The value in the counter field represents the number of related rows.
counterScope: Optional conditions array to use for updating counter cache field.

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/associations-linking-models-together.html#belongsto

array()

`$cacheQueries` ¶

public boolean

Whether or not to cache queries for this model. This enables in-memory caching only, the results are not stored beyond the current request.

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/model-attributes.html#cachequeries

false

`$cacheSources` ¶

public boolean

Whether or not to cache sources for this model.

true

`$data` ¶

public array

Container for the data that this model gets from persistent storage (usually, a database).

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/model-attributes.html#data

array()

`$displayField` ¶

public string

Custom display field name. Display fields are used by Scaffold, in SELECT boxes' OPTION elements.

This field is also used in find('list') when called with no extra parameters in the fields list

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/model-attributes.html#displayfield

null

`$findMethods` ¶

public array

List of valid finder method options, supplied as the first parameter to find().

array(
    'all' => true, 'first' => true, 'count' => true,
    'neighbors' => true, 'list' => true, 'threaded' => true
)

`$findQueryType` ¶

public string

Type of find query currently executing.

null

`$hasAndBelongsToMany` ¶

public array

Detailed list of hasAndBelongsToMany associations.

Basic usage

public $hasAndBelongsToMany = array('Role', 'Address');

Detailed configuration

public $hasAndBelongsToMany = array(
    'Role',
    'Address' => array(
        'className' => 'Address',
        'foreignKey' => 'user_id',
        'associationForeignKey' => 'address_id',
        'joinTable' => 'addresses_users'
    )
);

Possible keys in association

className: the class name of the model being associated to the current model. If you're defining a 'Recipe HABTM Tag' relationship, the className key should equal 'Tag.'
joinTable: The name of the join table used in this association (if the current table doesn't adhere to the naming convention for HABTM join tables).
with: Defines the name of the model for the join table. By default CakePHP will auto-create a model for you. Using the example above it would be called RecipesTag. By using this key you can override this default name. The join table model can be used just like any "regular" model to access the join table directly.
foreignKey: the name of the foreign key found in the current model. This is especially handy if you need to define multiple HABTM relationships. The default value for this key is the underscored, singular name of the current model, suffixed with '_id'.
associationForeignKey: the name of the foreign key found in the other model. This is especially handy if you need to define multiple HABTM relationships. The default value for this key is the underscored, singular name of the other model, suffixed with '_id'.
unique: If true (default value) cake will first delete existing relationship records in the foreign keys table before inserting new ones, when updating a record. So existing associations need to be passed again when updating. To prevent deletion of existing relationship records, set this key to a string 'keepExisting'.
conditions: An SQL fragment used to filter related model records. It's good practice to use model names in SQL fragments: "Comment.status = 1" is always better than just "status = 1."
fields: A list of fields to be retrieved when the associated model data is fetched. Returns all fields by default.
order: An SQL fragment that defines the sorting order for the returned associated rows.
limit: The maximum number of associated rows you want returned.
offset: The number of associated rows to skip over (given the current conditions and order) before fetching and associating.
finderQuery, A complete SQL query CakePHP can use to fetch associated model records. This should be used in situations that require very custom results.

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/associations-linking-models-together.html#hasandbelongstomany-habtm

array()

`$hasMany` ¶

public array

Detailed list of hasMany associations.

Basic usage

public $hasMany = array('Comment', 'Task');

Detailed configuration

public $hasMany = array(
    'Comment',
    'Task' => array(
        'className' => 'Task',
        'foreignKey' => 'user_id'
    )
);

Possible keys in association

className: the class name of the model being associated to the current model. If you're defining a 'User hasMany Comment' relationship, the className key should equal 'Comment.'
foreignKey: the name of the foreign key found in the other model. This is especially handy if you need to define multiple hasMany relationships. The default value for this key is the underscored, singular name of the actual model, suffixed with '_id'.
conditions: An SQL fragment used to filter related model records. It's good practice to use model names in SQL fragments: "Comment.status = 1" is always better than just "status = 1."
fields: A list of fields to be retrieved when the associated model data is fetched. Returns all fields by default.
order: An SQL fragment that defines the sorting order for the returned associated rows.
limit: The maximum number of associated rows you want returned.
offset: The number of associated rows to skip over (given the current conditions and order) before fetching and associating.
dependent: When dependent is set to true, recursive model deletion is possible. In this example, Comment records will be deleted when their associated User record has been deleted.
exclusive: When exclusive is set to true, recursive model deletion does the delete with a deleteAll() call, instead of deleting each entity separately. This greatly improves performance, but may not be ideal for all circumstances.
finderQuery: A complete SQL query CakePHP can use to fetch associated model records. This should be used in situations that require very custom results.

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/associations-linking-models-together.html#hasmany

array()

`$hasOne` ¶

public array

Detailed list of hasOne associations.

Basic usage

public $hasOne = array('Profile', 'Address');

Detailed configuration

public $hasOne = array(
    'Profile',
    'Address' => array(
        'className' => 'Address',
        'foreignKey' => 'user_id'
    )
);

Possible keys in association

className: the class name of the model being associated to the current model. If you're defining a 'User hasOne Profile' relationship, the className key should equal 'Profile.'
foreignKey: the name of the foreign key found in the other model. This is especially handy if you need to define multiple hasOne relationships. The default value for this key is the underscored, singular name of the current model, suffixed with '_id'. In the example above it would default to 'user_id'.
conditions: An SQL fragment used to filter related model records. It's good practice to use model names in SQL fragments: "Profile.approved = 1" is always better than just "approved = 1."
fields: A list of fields to be retrieved when the associated model data is fetched. Returns all fields by default.
order: An SQL fragment that defines the sorting order for the returned associated rows.
dependent: When the dependent key is set to true, and the model's delete() method is called with the cascade parameter set to true, associated model records are also deleted. In this case we set it true so that deleting a User will also delete her associated Profile.

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/associations-linking-models-together.html#hasone

array()

`$id` ¶

public mixed

Value of the primary key ID of the record that this model is currently pointing to. Automatically set after database insertions.

false

`$name` ¶

public string

Name of the model.

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/model-attributes.html#name

null

`$order` ¶

public string

The column name(s) and direction(s) to order find results by default.

public $order = "Post.created DESC"; public $order = array("Post.view_count DESC", "Post.rating DESC");

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/model-attributes.html#order

null

`$plugin` ¶

public string

Plugin model belongs to.

null

`$primaryKey` ¶

public string

The name of the primary key field for this model.

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/model-attributes.html#primarykey

null

`$recursive` ¶

public integer

Number of associations to recurse through during find calls. Fetches only the first level by default.

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/model-attributes.html#recursive

`$schemaName` ¶

public string

Holds physical schema/database name for this model. Automatically set during Model creation.

null

`$table` ¶

public string

Table name for this Model.

false

`$tablePrefix` ¶

public string

Database table prefix for tables in model.

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/model-attributes.html#tableprefix

null

`$tableToModel` ¶

public array

List of table names included in the model description. Used for associations.

array()

`$useConsistentAfterFind` ¶

public boolean

If true, afterFind will be passed consistent formatted $results in case of $primary is false. The format will be such as the following.

$results = array(
    0 => array(
        'ModelName' => array(
            'field1' => 'value1',
            'field2' => 'value2'
        )
    )
);

true

`$useDbConfig` ¶

public string

The name of the DataSource connection that this Model uses

The value must be an attribute name that you defined in app/Config/database.php or created using ConnectionManager::create().

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/model-attributes.html#usedbconfig

'default'

`$useTable` ¶

public string

Custom database table name, or null/false if no table association is desired.

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/model-attributes.html#usetable

null

`$validate` ¶

public array

List of validation rules. It must be an array with the field name as key and using as value one of the following possibilities

Validating using regular expressions

public $validate = array(
    'name' => '/^[a-z].+$/i'
);

Validating using methods (no parameters)

public $validate = array(
    'name' => 'notBlank'
);

Validating using methods (with parameters)

public $validate = array(
    'length' => array(
        'rule' => array('lengthBetween', 5, 25)
    )
);

Validating using custom method

public $validate = array(
    'password' => array(
        'rule' => array('customValidation')
    )
);
public function customValidation($data) {
    // $data will contain array('password' => 'value')
    if (isset($this->data[$this->alias]['password2'])) {
        return $this->data[$this->alias]['password2'] === current($data);
    }
    return true;
}

Validations with messages

The messages will be used in Model::$validationErrors and can be used in the FormHelper

public $validate = array(
    'length' => array(
        'rule' => array('lengthBetween', 5, 15),
        'message' => array('Between %d to %d characters')
    )
);

Multiple validations to the same field

public $validate = array(
    'login' => array(
        array(
            'rule' => 'alphaNumeric',
            'message' => 'Only alphabets and numbers allowed',
            'last' => true
        ),
        array(
            'rule' => array('minLength', 8),
            'message' => array('Minimum length of %d characters')
        )
    )
);

Valid keys in validations

rule: String with method name, regular expression (started by slash) or array with method and parameters
message: String with the message or array if have multiple parameters. See http://php.net/sprintf
last: Boolean value to indicate if continue validating the others rules if the current fail [Default: true]
required: Boolean value to indicate if the field must be present on save
allowEmpty: Boolean value to indicate if the field can be empty
on: Possible values: update, create. Indicate to apply this rule only on update or create

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/model-attributes.html#validate
http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/data-validation.html

array()

`$validationDomain` ¶

public string

Name of the validation string domain to use when translating validation errors.

null

`$validationErrors` ¶

public array

List of validation errors.

array()

`$virtualFields` ¶

public array

Array of virtual fields this model has. Virtual fields are aliased SQL expressions. Fields added to this property will be read as other fields in a model but will not be saveable.

public $virtualFields = array('two' => '1 + 1');

Is a simplistic example of how to set virtualFields

Link

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/models/model-attributes.html#virtualfields

array()

`$whitelist` ¶

public array

Whitelist of fields allowed to be saved.

array()

Packages

Classes

Class Model

Direct Subclasses

Indirect Subclasses

Properties summary

Method Summary

__call() public

__construct() public

__get() public

__isset() public

_addToWhiteList() protected

_clearCache() protected

_collectForeignKeys() protected

_constructLinkedModel() protected

_createLinks() protected

_deleteDependent() protected

_deleteLinks() protected

_doSave() protected

_filterResults() protected

_findAll() protected

_findCount() protected

_findFirst() protected

_findList() protected

_findNeighbors() protected

_findThreaded() protected

_generateAssociation() protected

_isUUIDField() protected

_normalizeXmlData() protected

_prepareUpdateFields() protected

_readDataSource() protected

_saveMulti() protected

_setAliasData() protected

afterDelete() public

afterFind() public

afterSave() public

afterValidate() public

associations() public

beforeDelete() public

beforeFind() public

beforeSave() public

beforeValidate() public

bindModel() public

buildQuery() public

clear() public

create() public

deconstruct() public

delete() public

deleteAll() public

escapeField() public

exists() public

field() public

find() public

getAffectedRows() public

getAssociated() public

getColumnType() public

getColumnTypes() public

getDataSource() public

getEventManager() public

getID() public

getInsertID() public

getLastInsertID() public

getNumRows() public

getVirtualField() public

hasAny() public

hasField() public

hasMethod() public

implementedEvents() public

invalidFields() public

invalidate() public

isForeignKey() public

isUnique() public

isVirtualField() public

joinModel() public

onError() public

query() public

read() public

resetAssociations() public

save() public

saveAll() public