1: <?php
   2: /**
   3:  * Dbo Source
   4:  *
   5:  * CakePHP(tm) : Rapid Development Framework (http://cakephp.org)
   6:  * Copyright (c) Cake Software Foundation, Inc. (http://cakefoundation.org)
   7:  *
   8:  * Licensed under The MIT License
   9:  * For full copyright and license information, please see the LICENSE.txt
  10:  * Redistributions of files must retain the above copyright notice.
  11:  *
  12:  * @copyright     Copyright (c) Cake Software Foundation, Inc. (http://cakefoundation.org)
  13:  * @link          http://cakephp.org CakePHP(tm) Project
  14:  * @package       Cake.Model.Datasource
  15:  * @since         CakePHP(tm) v 0.10.0.1076
  16:  * @license       http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php MIT License
  17:  */
  18: 
  19: App::uses('DataSource', 'Model/Datasource');
  20: App::uses('CakeText', 'Utility');
  21: App::uses('View', 'View');
  22: 
  23: /**
  24:  * DboSource
  25:  *
  26:  * Creates DBO-descendant objects from a given db connection configuration
  27:  *
  28:  * @package       Cake.Model.Datasource
  29:  */
  30: class DboSource extends DataSource {
  31: 
  32: /**
  33:  * Description string for this Database Data Source.
  34:  *
  35:  * @var string
  36:  */
  37:     public $description = "Database Data Source";
  38: 
  39: /**
  40:  * index definition, standard cake, primary, index, unique
  41:  *
  42:  * @var array
  43:  */
  44:     public $index = array('PRI' => 'primary', 'MUL' => 'index', 'UNI' => 'unique');
  45: 
  46: /**
  47:  * Database keyword used to assign aliases to identifiers.
  48:  *
  49:  * @var string
  50:  */
  51:     public $alias = 'AS ';
  52: 
  53: /**
  54:  * Caches result from query parsing operations. Cached results for both DboSource::name() and
  55:  * DboSource::conditions() will be stored here. Method caching uses `md5()`. If you have
  56:  * problems with collisions, set DboSource::$cacheMethods to false.
  57:  *
  58:  * @var array
  59:  */
  60:     public static $methodCache = array();
  61: 
  62: /**
  63:  * Whether or not to cache the results of DboSource::name() and DboSource::conditions()
  64:  * into the memory cache. Set to false to disable the use of the memory cache.
  65:  *
  66:  * @var bool
  67:  */
  68:     public $cacheMethods = true;
  69: 
  70: /**
  71:  * Flag to support nested transactions. If it is set to false, you will be able to use
  72:  * the transaction methods (begin/commit/rollback), but just the global transaction will
  73:  * be executed.
  74:  *
  75:  * @var bool
  76:  */
  77:     public $useNestedTransactions = false;
  78: 
  79: /**
  80:  * Print full query debug info?
  81:  *
  82:  * @var bool
  83:  */
  84:     public $fullDebug = false;
  85: 
  86: /**
  87:  * String to hold how many rows were affected by the last SQL operation.
  88:  *
  89:  * @var string
  90:  */
  91:     public $affected = null;
  92: 
  93: /**
  94:  * Number of rows in current resultset
  95:  *
  96:  * @var int
  97:  */
  98:     public $numRows = null;
  99: 
 100: /**
 101:  * Time the last query took
 102:  *
 103:  * @var int
 104:  */
 105:     public $took = null;
 106: 
 107: /**
 108:  * Result
 109:  *
 110:  * @var array
 111:  */
 112:     protected $_result = null;
 113: 
 114: /**
 115:  * Queries count.
 116:  *
 117:  * @var int
 118:  */
 119:     protected $_queriesCnt = 0;
 120: 
 121: /**
 122:  * Total duration of all queries.
 123:  *
 124:  * @var int
 125:  */
 126:     protected $_queriesTime = null;
 127: 
 128: /**
 129:  * Log of queries executed by this DataSource
 130:  *
 131:  * @var array
 132:  */
 133:     protected $_queriesLog = array();
 134: 
 135: /**
 136:  * Maximum number of items in query log
 137:  *
 138:  * This is to prevent query log taking over too much memory.
 139:  *
 140:  * @var int
 141:  */
 142:     protected $_queriesLogMax = 200;
 143: 
 144: /**
 145:  * Caches serialized results of executed queries
 146:  *
 147:  * @var array
 148:  */
 149:     protected $_queryCache = array();
 150: 
 151: /**
 152:  * A reference to the physical connection of this DataSource
 153:  *
 154:  * @var array
 155:  */
 156:     protected $_connection = null;
 157: 
 158: /**
 159:  * The DataSource configuration key name
 160:  *
 161:  * @var string
 162:  */
 163:     public $configKeyName = null;
 164: 
 165: /**
 166:  * The starting character that this DataSource uses for quoted identifiers.
 167:  *
 168:  * @var string
 169:  */
 170:     public $startQuote = null;
 171: 
 172: /**
 173:  * The ending character that this DataSource uses for quoted identifiers.
 174:  *
 175:  * @var string
 176:  */
 177:     public $endQuote = null;
 178: 
 179: /**
 180:  * The set of valid SQL operations usable in a WHERE statement
 181:  *
 182:  * @var array
 183:  */
 184:     protected $_sqlOps = array('like', 'ilike', 'rlike', 'or', 'not', 'in', 'between', 'regexp', 'similar to');
 185: 
 186: /**
 187:  * Indicates the level of nested transactions
 188:  *
 189:  * @var int
 190:  */
 191:     protected $_transactionNesting = 0;
 192: 
 193: /**
 194:  * Default fields that are used by the DBO
 195:  *
 196:  * @var array
 197:  */
 198:     protected $_queryDefaults = array(
 199:         'conditions' => array(),
 200:         'fields' => null,
 201:         'table' => null,
 202:         'alias' => null,
 203:         'order' => null,
 204:         'limit' => null,
 205:         'joins' => array(),
 206:         'group' => null,
 207:         'offset' => null
 208:     );
 209: 
 210: /**
 211:  * Separator string for virtualField composition
 212:  *
 213:  * @var string
 214:  */
 215:     public $virtualFieldSeparator = '__';
 216: 
 217: /**
 218:  * List of table engine specific parameters used on table creating
 219:  *
 220:  * @var array
 221:  */
 222:     public $tableParameters = array();
 223: 
 224: /**
 225:  * List of engine specific additional field parameters used on table creating
 226:  *
 227:  * @var array
 228:  */
 229:     public $fieldParameters = array();
 230: 
 231: /**
 232:  * Indicates whether there was a change on the cached results on the methods of this class
 233:  * This will be used for storing in a more persistent cache
 234:  *
 235:  * @var bool
 236:  */
 237:     protected $_methodCacheChange = false;
 238: 
 239: /**
 240:  * Constructor
 241:  *
 242:  * @param array $config Array of configuration information for the Datasource.
 243:  * @param bool $autoConnect Whether or not the datasource should automatically connect.
 244:  * @throws MissingConnectionException when a connection cannot be made.
 245:  */
 246:     public function __construct($config = null, $autoConnect = true) {
 247:         if (!isset($config['prefix'])) {
 248:             $config['prefix'] = '';
 249:         }
 250:         parent::__construct($config);
 251:         $this->fullDebug = Configure::read('debug') > 1;
 252:         if (!$this->enabled()) {
 253:             throw new MissingConnectionException(array(
 254:                 'class' => get_class($this),
 255:                 'message' => __d('cake_dev', 'Selected driver is not enabled'),
 256:                 'enabled' => false
 257:             ));
 258:         }
 259:         if ($autoConnect) {
 260:             $this->connect();
 261:         }
 262:     }
 263: 
 264: /**
 265:  * Reconnects to database server with optional new settings
 266:  *
 267:  * @param array $config An array defining the new configuration settings
 268:  * @return bool True on success, false on failure
 269:  */
 270:     public function reconnect($config = array()) {
 271:         $this->disconnect();
 272:         $this->setConfig($config);
 273:         $this->_sources = null;
 274: 
 275:         return $this->connect();
 276:     }
 277: 
 278: /**
 279:  * Disconnects from database.
 280:  *
 281:  * @return bool Always true
 282:  */
 283:     public function disconnect() {
 284:         if ($this->_result instanceof PDOStatement) {
 285:             $this->_result->closeCursor();
 286:         }
 287:         $this->_connection = null;
 288:         $this->connected = false;
 289:         return true;
 290:     }
 291: 
 292: /**
 293:  * Get the underlying connection object.
 294:  *
 295:  * @return PDO
 296:  */
 297:     public function getConnection() {
 298:         return $this->_connection;
 299:     }
 300: 
 301: /**
 302:  * Gets the version string of the database server
 303:  *
 304:  * @return string The database version
 305:  */
 306:     public function getVersion() {
 307:         return $this->_connection->getAttribute(PDO::ATTR_SERVER_VERSION);
 308:     }
 309: 
 310: /**
 311:  * Returns a quoted and escaped string of $data for use in an SQL statement.
 312:  *
 313:  * @param string $data String to be prepared for use in an SQL statement
 314:  * @param string $column The column datatype into which this data will be inserted.
 315:  * @param bool $null Column allows NULL values
 316:  * @return string Quoted and escaped data
 317:  */
 318:     public function value($data, $column = null, $null = true) {
 319:         if (is_array($data) && !empty($data)) {
 320:             return array_map(
 321:                 array(&$this, 'value'),
 322:                 $data, array_fill(0, count($data), $column)
 323:             );
 324:         } elseif (is_object($data) && isset($data->type, $data->value)) {
 325:             if ($data->type === 'identifier') {
 326:                 return $this->name($data->value);
 327:             } elseif ($data->type === 'expression') {
 328:                 return $data->value;
 329:             }
 330:         } elseif (in_array($data, array('{$__cakeID__$}', '{$__cakeForeignKey__$}'), true)) {
 331:             return $data;
 332:         }
 333: 
 334:         if ($data === null || (is_array($data) && empty($data))) {
 335:             return 'NULL';
 336:         }
 337: 
 338:         if (empty($column)) {
 339:             $column = $this->introspectType($data);
 340:         }
 341: 
 342:         switch ($column) {
 343:             case 'binary':
 344:                 return $this->_connection->quote($data, PDO::PARAM_LOB);
 345:             case 'boolean':
 346:                 return $this->_connection->quote($this->boolean($data, true), PDO::PARAM_BOOL);
 347:             case 'string':
 348:             case 'text':
 349:                 return $this->_connection->quote($data, PDO::PARAM_STR);
 350:             default:
 351:                 if ($data === '') {
 352:                     return $null ? 'NULL' : '""';
 353:                 }
 354:                 if (is_float($data)) {
 355:                     return str_replace(',', '.', strval($data));
 356:                 }
 357:                 if ((is_int($data) || $data === '0') || (
 358:                     is_numeric($data) &&
 359:                     strpos($data, ',') === false &&
 360:                     $data[0] != '0' &&
 361:                     strpos($data, 'e') === false)
 362:                 ) {
 363:                     return $data;
 364:                 }
 365:                 return $this->_connection->quote($data);
 366:         }
 367:     }
 368: 
 369: /**
 370:  * Returns an object to represent a database identifier in a query. Expression objects
 371:  * are not sanitized or escaped.
 372:  *
 373:  * @param string $identifier A SQL expression to be used as an identifier
 374:  * @return stdClass An object representing a database identifier to be used in a query
 375:  */
 376:     public function identifier($identifier) {
 377:         $obj = new stdClass();
 378:         $obj->type = 'identifier';
 379:         $obj->value = $identifier;
 380:         return $obj;
 381:     }
 382: 
 383: /**
 384:  * Returns an object to represent a database expression in a query. Expression objects
 385:  * are not sanitized or escaped.
 386:  *
 387:  * @param string $expression An arbitrary SQL expression to be inserted into a query.
 388:  * @return stdClass An object representing a database expression to be used in a query
 389:  */
 390:     public function expression($expression) {
 391:         $obj = new stdClass();
 392:         $obj->type = 'expression';
 393:         $obj->value = $expression;
 394:         return $obj;
 395:     }
 396: 
 397: /**
 398:  * Executes given SQL statement.
 399:  *
 400:  * @param string $sql SQL statement
 401:  * @param array $params Additional options for the query.
 402:  * @return mixed Resource or object representing the result set, or false on failure
 403:  */
 404:     public function rawQuery($sql, $params = array()) {
 405:         $this->took = $this->numRows = false;
 406:         return $this->execute($sql, array(), $params);
 407:     }
 408: 
 409: /**
 410:  * Queries the database with given SQL statement, and obtains some metadata about the result
 411:  * (rows affected, timing, any errors, number of rows in resultset). The query is also logged.
 412:  * If Configure::read('debug') is set, the log is shown all the time, else it is only shown on errors.
 413:  *
 414:  * ### Options
 415:  *
 416:  * - log - Whether or not the query should be logged to the memory log.
 417:  *
 418:  * @param string $sql SQL statement
 419:  * @param array $options The options for executing the query.
 420:  * @param array $params values to be bound to the query.
 421:  * @return mixed Resource or object representing the result set, or false on failure
 422:  */
 423:     public function execute($sql, $options = array(), $params = array()) {
 424:         $options += array('log' => $this->fullDebug);
 425: 
 426:         $t = microtime(true);
 427:         $this->_result = $this->_execute($sql, $params);
 428: 
 429:         if ($options['log']) {
 430:             $this->took = round((microtime(true) - $t) * 1000, 0);
 431:             $this->numRows = $this->affected = $this->lastAffected();
 432:             $this->logQuery($sql, $params);
 433:         }
 434: 
 435:         return $this->_result;
 436:     }
 437: 
 438: /**
 439:  * Executes given SQL statement.
 440:  *
 441:  * @param string $sql SQL statement
 442:  * @param array $params list of params to be bound to query
 443:  * @param array $prepareOptions Options to be used in the prepare statement
 444:  * @return mixed PDOStatement if query executes with no problem, true as the result of a successful, false on error
 445:  * query returning no rows, such as a CREATE statement, false otherwise
 446:  * @throws PDOException
 447:  */
 448:     protected function _execute($sql, $params = array(), $prepareOptions = array()) {
 449:         $sql = trim($sql);
 450:         if (preg_match('/^(?:CREATE|ALTER|DROP)\s+(?:TABLE|INDEX)/i', $sql)) {
 451:             $statements = array_filter(explode(';', $sql));
 452:             if (count($statements) > 1) {
 453:                 $result = array_map(array($this, '_execute'), $statements);
 454:                 return array_search(false, $result) === false;
 455:             }
 456:         }
 457: 
 458:         try {
 459:             $query = $this->_connection->prepare($sql, $prepareOptions);
 460:             $query->setFetchMode(PDO::FETCH_LAZY);
 461:             if (!$query->execute($params)) {
 462:                 $this->_results = $query;
 463:                 $query->closeCursor();
 464:                 return false;
 465:             }
 466:             if (!$query->columnCount()) {
 467:                 $query->closeCursor();
 468:                 if (!$query->rowCount()) {
 469:                     return true;
 470:                 }
 471:             }
 472:             return $query;
 473:         } catch (PDOException $e) {
 474:             if (isset($query->queryString)) {
 475:                 $e->queryString = $query->queryString;
 476:             } else {
 477:                 $e->queryString = $sql;
 478:             }
 479:             throw $e;
 480:         }
 481:     }
 482: 
 483: /**
 484:  * Returns a formatted error message from previous database operation.
 485:  *
 486:  * @param PDOStatement $query the query to extract the error from if any
 487:  * @return string Error message with error number
 488:  */
 489:     public function lastError(PDOStatement $query = null) {
 490:         if ($query) {
 491:             $error = $query->errorInfo();
 492:         } else {
 493:             $error = $this->_connection->errorInfo();
 494:         }
 495:         if (empty($error[2])) {
 496:             return null;
 497:         }
 498:         return $error[1] . ': ' . $error[2];
 499:     }
 500: 
 501: /**
 502:  * Returns number of affected rows in previous database operation. If no previous operation exists,
 503:  * this returns false.
 504:  *
 505:  * @param mixed $source The source to check.
 506:  * @return int Number of affected rows
 507:  */
 508:     public function lastAffected($source = null) {
 509:         if ($this->hasResult()) {
 510:             return $this->_result->rowCount();
 511:         }
 512:         return 0;
 513:     }
 514: 
 515: /**
 516:  * Returns number of rows in previous resultset. If no previous resultset exists,
 517:  * this returns false.
 518:  *
 519:  * @param mixed $source Not used
 520:  * @return int Number of rows in resultset
 521:  */
 522:     public function lastNumRows($source = null) {
 523:         return $this->lastAffected();
 524:     }
 525: 
 526: /**
 527:  * DataSource Query abstraction
 528:  *
 529:  * @return resource Result resource identifier.
 530:  */
 531:     public function query() {
 532:         $args = func_get_args();
 533:         $fields = null;
 534:         $order = null;
 535:         $limit = null;
 536:         $page = null;
 537:         $recursive = null;
 538: 
 539:         if (count($args) === 1) {
 540:             return $this->fetchAll($args[0]);
 541:         } elseif (count($args) > 1 && (strpos($args[0], 'findBy') === 0 || strpos($args[0], 'findAllBy') === 0)) {
 542:             $params = $args[1];
 543: 
 544:             if (substr($args[0], 0, 6) === 'findBy') {
 545:                 $all = false;
 546:                 $field = Inflector::underscore(substr($args[0], 6));
 547:             } else {
 548:                 $all = true;
 549:                 $field = Inflector::underscore(substr($args[0], 9));
 550:             }
 551: 
 552:             $or = (strpos($field, '_or_') !== false);
 553:             if ($or) {
 554:                 $field = explode('_or_', $field);
 555:             } else {
 556:                 $field = explode('_and_', $field);
 557:             }
 558:             $off = count($field) - 1;
 559: 
 560:             if (isset($params[1 + $off])) {
 561:                 $fields = $params[1 + $off];
 562:             }
 563: 
 564:             if (isset($params[2 + $off])) {
 565:                 $order = $params[2 + $off];
 566:             }
 567: 
 568:             if (!array_key_exists(0, $params)) {
 569:                 return false;
 570:             }
 571: 
 572:             $c = 0;
 573:             $conditions = array();
 574: 
 575:             foreach ($field as $f) {
 576:                 $conditions[$args[2]->alias . '.' . $f] = $params[$c++];
 577:             }
 578: 
 579:             if ($or) {
 580:                 $conditions = array('OR' => $conditions);
 581:             }
 582: 
 583:             if ($all) {
 584:                 if (isset($params[3 + $off])) {
 585:                     $limit = $params[3 + $off];
 586:                 }
 587: 
 588:                 if (isset($params[4 + $off])) {
 589:                     $page = $params[4 + $off];
 590:                 }
 591: 
 592:                 if (isset($params[5 + $off])) {
 593:                     $recursive = $params[5 + $off];
 594:                 }
 595:                 return $args[2]->find('all', compact('conditions', 'fields', 'order', 'limit', 'page', 'recursive'));
 596:             }
 597:             if (isset($params[3 + $off])) {
 598:                 $recursive = $params[3 + $off];
 599:             }
 600:             return $args[2]->find('first', compact('conditions', 'fields', 'order', 'recursive'));
 601:         }
 602:         if (isset($args[1]) && $args[1] === true) {
 603:             return $this->fetchAll($args[0], true);
 604:         } elseif (isset($args[1]) && !is_array($args[1])) {
 605:             return $this->fetchAll($args[0], false);
 606:         } elseif (isset($args[1]) && is_array($args[1])) {
 607:             if (isset($args[2])) {
 608:                 $cache = $args[2];
 609:             } else {
 610:                 $cache = true;
 611:             }
 612:             return $this->fetchAll($args[0], $args[1], array('cache' => $cache));
 613:         }
 614:     }
 615: 
 616: /**
 617:  * Returns a row from current resultset as an array
 618:  *
 619:  * @param string $sql Some SQL to be executed.
 620:  * @return array The fetched row as an array
 621:  */
 622:     public function fetchRow($sql = null) {
 623:         if (is_string($sql) && strlen($sql) > 5 && !$this->execute($sql)) {
 624:             return null;
 625:         }
 626: 
 627:         if ($this->hasResult()) {
 628:             $this->resultSet($this->_result);
 629:             $resultRow = $this->fetchResult();
 630:             if (isset($resultRow[0])) {
 631:                 $this->fetchVirtualField($resultRow);
 632:             }
 633:             return $resultRow;
 634:         }
 635:         return null;
 636:     }
 637: 
 638: /**
 639:  * Returns an array of all result rows for a given SQL query.
 640:  *
 641:  * Returns false if no rows matched.
 642:  *
 643:  * ### Options
 644:  *
 645:  * - `cache` - Returns the cached version of the query, if exists and stores the result in cache.
 646:  *   This is a non-persistent cache, and only lasts for a single request. This option
 647:  *   defaults to true. If you are directly calling this method, you can disable caching
 648:  *   by setting $options to `false`
 649:  *
 650:  * @param string $sql SQL statement
 651:  * @param array|bool $params Either parameters to be bound as values for the SQL statement,
 652:  *  or a boolean to control query caching.
 653:  * @param array $options additional options for the query.
 654:  * @return bool|array Array of resultset rows, or false if no rows matched
 655:  */
 656:     public function fetchAll($sql, $params = array(), $options = array()) {
 657:         if (is_string($options)) {
 658:             $options = array('modelName' => $options);
 659:         }
 660:         if (is_bool($params)) {
 661:             $options['cache'] = $params;
 662:             $params = array();
 663:         }
 664:         $options += array('cache' => true);
 665:         $cache = $options['cache'];
 666:         if ($cache && ($cached = $this->getQueryCache($sql, $params)) !== false) {
 667:             return $cached;
 668:         }
 669:         $result = $this->execute($sql, array(), $params);
 670:         if ($result) {
 671:             $out = array();
 672: 
 673:             if ($this->hasResult()) {
 674:                 $first = $this->fetchRow();
 675:                 if ($first) {
 676:                     $out[] = $first;
 677:                 }
 678:                 while ($item = $this->fetchResult()) {
 679:                     if (isset($item[0])) {
 680:                         $this->fetchVirtualField($item);
 681:                     }
 682:                     $out[] = $item;
 683:                 }
 684:             }
 685: 
 686:             if (!is_bool($result) && $cache) {
 687:                 $this->_writeQueryCache($sql, $out, $params);
 688:             }
 689: 
 690:             if (empty($out) && is_bool($this->_result)) {
 691:                 return $this->_result;
 692:             }
 693:             return $out;
 694:         }
 695:         return false;
 696:     }
 697: 
 698: /**
 699:  * Fetches the next row from the current result set
 700:  *
 701:  * @return bool
 702:  */
 703:     public function fetchResult() {
 704:         return false;
 705:     }
 706: 
 707: /**
 708:  * Modifies $result array to place virtual fields in model entry where they belongs to
 709:  *
 710:  * @param array &$result Reference to the fetched row
 711:  * @return void
 712:  */
 713:     public function fetchVirtualField(&$result) {
 714:         if (isset($result[0]) && is_array($result[0])) {
 715:             foreach ($result[0] as $field => $value) {
 716:                 if (strpos($field, $this->virtualFieldSeparator) === false) {
 717:                     continue;
 718:                 }
 719: 
 720:                 list($alias, $virtual) = explode($this->virtualFieldSeparator, $field);
 721: 
 722:                 if (!ClassRegistry::isKeySet($alias)) {
 723:                     return;
 724:                 }
 725: 
 726:                 $Model = ClassRegistry::getObject($alias);
 727: 
 728:                 if ($Model->isVirtualField($virtual)) {
 729:                     $result[$alias][$virtual] = $value;
 730:                     unset($result[0][$field]);
 731:                 }
 732:             }
 733:             if (empty($result[0])) {
 734:                 unset($result[0]);
 735:             }
 736:         }
 737:     }
 738: 
 739: /**
 740:  * Returns a single field of the first of query results for a given SQL query, or false if empty.
 741:  *
 742:  * @param string $name The name of the field to get.
 743:  * @param string $sql The SQL query.
 744:  * @return mixed Value of field read, or false if not found.
 745:  */
 746:     public function field($name, $sql) {
 747:         $data = $this->fetchRow($sql);
 748:         if (empty($data[$name])) {
 749:             return false;
 750:         }
 751:         return $data[$name];
 752:     }
 753: 
 754: /**
 755:  * Empties the method caches.
 756:  * These caches are used by DboSource::name() and DboSource::conditions()
 757:  *
 758:  * @return void
 759:  */
 760:     public function flushMethodCache() {
 761:         $this->_methodCacheChange = true;
 762:         static::$methodCache = array();
 763:     }
 764: 
 765: /**
 766:  * Cache a value into the methodCaches. Will respect the value of DboSource::$cacheMethods.
 767:  * Will retrieve a value from the cache if $value is null.
 768:  *
 769:  * If caching is disabled and a write is attempted, the $value will be returned.
 770:  * A read will either return the value or null.
 771:  *
 772:  * @param string $method Name of the method being cached.
 773:  * @param string $key The key name for the cache operation.
 774:  * @param mixed $value The value to cache into memory.
 775:  * @return mixed Either null on failure, or the value if its set.
 776:  */
 777:     public function cacheMethod($method, $key, $value = null) {
 778:         if ($this->cacheMethods === false) {
 779:             return $value;
 780:         }
 781:         if (!$this->_methodCacheChange && empty(static::$methodCache)) {
 782:             static::$methodCache = (array)Cache::read('method_cache', '_cake_core_');
 783:         }
 784:         if ($value === null) {
 785:             return (isset(static::$methodCache[$method][$key])) ? static::$methodCache[$method][$key] : null;
 786:         }
 787:         $this->_methodCacheChange = true;
 788:         return static::$methodCache[$method][$key] = $value;
 789:     }
 790: 
 791: /**
 792:  * Returns a quoted name of $data for use in an SQL statement.
 793:  * Strips fields out of SQL functions before quoting.
 794:  *
 795:  * Results of this method are stored in a memory cache. This improves performance, but
 796:  * because the method uses a hashing algorithm it can have collisions.
 797:  * Setting DboSource::$cacheMethods to false will disable the memory cache.
 798:  *
 799:  * @param mixed $data Either a string with a column to quote. An array of columns to quote or an
 800:  *   object from DboSource::expression() or DboSource::identifier()
 801:  * @return string SQL field
 802:  */
 803:     public function name($data) {
 804:         if (is_object($data) && isset($data->type)) {
 805:             return $data->value;
 806:         }
 807:         if ($data === '*') {
 808:             return '*';
 809:         }
 810:         if (is_array($data)) {
 811:             foreach ($data as $i => $dataItem) {
 812:                 $data[$i] = $this->name($dataItem);
 813:             }
 814:             return $data;
 815:         }
 816:         $cacheKey = md5($this->startQuote . $data . $this->endQuote);
 817:         if ($return = $this->cacheMethod(__FUNCTION__, $cacheKey)) {
 818:             return $return;
 819:         }
 820:         $data = trim($data);
 821:         if (preg_match('/^[\w-]+(?:\.[^ \*]*)*$/', $data)) { // string, string.string
 822:             if (strpos($data, '.') === false) { // string
 823:                 return $this->cacheMethod(__FUNCTION__, $cacheKey, $this->startQuote . $data . $this->endQuote);
 824:             }
 825:             $items = explode('.', $data);
 826:             return $this->cacheMethod(__FUNCTION__, $cacheKey,
 827:                 $this->startQuote . implode($this->endQuote . '.' . $this->startQuote, $items) . $this->endQuote
 828:             );
 829:         }
 830:         if (preg_match('/^[\w-]+\.\*$/', $data)) { // string.*
 831:             return $this->cacheMethod(__FUNCTION__, $cacheKey,
 832:                 $this->startQuote . str_replace('.*', $this->endQuote . '.*', $data)
 833:             );
 834:         }
 835:         if (preg_match('/^([\w-]+)\((.*)\)$/', $data, $matches)) { // Functions
 836:             return $this->cacheMethod(__FUNCTION__, $cacheKey,
 837:                 $matches[1] . '(' . $this->name($matches[2]) . ')'
 838:             );
 839:         }
 840:         if (preg_match('/^([\w-]+(\.[\w-]+|\(.*\))*)\s+' . preg_quote($this->alias) . '\s*([\w-]+)$/i', $data, $matches)) {
 841:             return $this->cacheMethod(
 842:                 __FUNCTION__, $cacheKey,
 843:                 preg_replace(
 844:                     '/\s{2,}/', ' ', $this->name($matches[1]) . ' ' . $this->alias . ' ' . $this->name($matches[3])
 845:                 )
 846:             );
 847:         }
 848:         if (preg_match('/^[\w-_\s]*[\w-_]+/', $data)) {
 849:             return $this->cacheMethod(__FUNCTION__, $cacheKey, $this->startQuote . $data . $this->endQuote);
 850:         }
 851:         return $this->cacheMethod(__FUNCTION__, $cacheKey, $data);
 852:     }
 853: 
 854: /**
 855:  * Checks if the source is connected to the database.
 856:  *
 857:  * @return bool True if the database is connected, else false
 858:  */
 859:     public function isConnected() {
 860:         if ($this->_connection === null) {
 861:             $connected = false;
 862:         } else {
 863:             try {
 864:                 $connected = $this->_connection->query('SELECT 1');
 865:             } catch (Exception $e) {
 866:                 $connected = false;
 867:             }
 868:         }
 869:         $this->connected = !empty($connected);
 870:         return $this->connected;
 871:     }
 872: 
 873: /**
 874:  * Checks if the result is valid
 875:  *
 876:  * @return bool True if the result is valid else false
 877:  */
 878:     public function hasResult() {
 879:         return $this->_result instanceof PDOStatement;
 880:     }
 881: 
 882: /**
 883:  * Get the query log as an array.
 884:  *
 885:  * @param bool $sorted Get the queries sorted by time taken, defaults to false.
 886:  * @param bool $clear If True the existing log will cleared.
 887:  * @return array Array of queries run as an array
 888:  */
 889:     public function getLog($sorted = false, $clear = true) {
 890:         if ($sorted) {
 891:             $log = sortByKey($this->_queriesLog, 'took', 'desc', SORT_NUMERIC);
 892:         } else {
 893:             $log = $this->_queriesLog;
 894:         }
 895:         if ($clear) {
 896:             $this->_queriesLog = array();
 897:         }
 898:         return array('log' => $log, 'count' => $this->_queriesCnt, 'time' => $this->_queriesTime);
 899:     }
 900: 
 901: /**
 902:  * Outputs the contents of the queries log. If in a non-CLI environment the sql_log element
 903:  * will be rendered and output. If in a CLI environment, a plain text log is generated.
 904:  *
 905:  * @param bool $sorted Get the queries sorted by time taken, defaults to false.
 906:  * @return void
 907:  */
 908:     public function showLog($sorted = false) {
 909:         $log = $this->getLog($sorted, false);
 910:         if (empty($log['log'])) {
 911:             return;
 912:         }
 913:         if (PHP_SAPI !== 'cli') {
 914:             $controller = null;
 915:             $View = new View($controller, false);
 916:             $View->set('sqlLogs', array($this->configKeyName => $log));
 917:             echo $View->element('sql_dump', array('_forced_from_dbo_' => true));
 918:         } else {
 919:             foreach ($log['log'] as $k => $i) {
 920:                 print (($k + 1) . ". {$i['query']}\n");
 921:             }
 922:         }
 923:     }
 924: 
 925: /**
 926:  * Log given SQL query.
 927:  *
 928:  * @param string $sql SQL statement
 929:  * @param array $params Values binded to the query (prepared statements)
 930:  * @return void
 931:  */
 932:     public function logQuery($sql, $params = array()) {
 933:         $this->_queriesCnt++;
 934:         $this->_queriesTime += $this->took;
 935:         $this->_queriesLog[] = array(
 936:             'query' => $sql,
 937:             'params' => $params,
 938:             'affected' => $this->affected,
 939:             'numRows' => $this->numRows,
 940:             'took' => $this->took
 941:         );
 942:         if (count($this->_queriesLog) > $this->_queriesLogMax) {
 943:             array_shift($this->_queriesLog);
 944:         }
 945:     }
 946: 
 947: /**
 948:  * Gets full table name including prefix
 949:  *
 950:  * @param Model|string $model Either a Model object or a string table name.
 951:  * @param bool $quote Whether you want the table name quoted.
 952:  * @param bool $schema Whether you want the schema name included.
 953:  * @return string Full quoted table name
 954:  */
 955:     public function fullTableName($model, $quote = true, $schema = true) {
 956:         if (is_object($model)) {
 957:             $schemaName = $model->schemaName;
 958:             $table = $model->tablePrefix . $model->table;
 959:         } elseif (!empty($this->config['prefix']) && strpos($model, $this->config['prefix']) !== 0) {
 960:             $table = $this->config['prefix'] . strval($model);
 961:         } else {
 962:             $table = strval($model);
 963:         }
 964: 
 965:         if ($schema && !isset($schemaName)) {
 966:             $schemaName = $this->getSchemaName();
 967:         }
 968: 
 969:         if ($quote) {
 970:             if ($schema && !empty($schemaName)) {
 971:                 if (strstr($table, '.') === false) {
 972:                     return $this->name($schemaName) . '.' . $this->name($table);
 973:                 }
 974:             }
 975:             return $this->name($table);
 976:         }
 977: 
 978:         if ($schema && !empty($schemaName)) {
 979:             if (strstr($table, '.') === false) {
 980:                 return $schemaName . '.' . $table;
 981:             }
 982:         }
 983: 
 984:         return $table;
 985:     }
 986: 
 987: /**
 988:  * The "C" in CRUD
 989:  *
 990:  * Creates new records in the database.
 991:  *
 992:  * @param Model $Model Model object that the record is for.
 993:  * @param array $fields An array of field names to insert. If null, $Model->data will be
 994:  *   used to generate field names.
 995:  * @param array $values An array of values with keys matching the fields. If null, $Model->data will
 996:  *   be used to generate values.
 997:  * @return bool Success
 998:  */
 999:     public function create(Model $Model, $fields = null, $values = null) {
1000:         $id = null;
1001: 
1002:         if (!$fields) {
1003:             unset($fields, $values);
1004:             $fields = array_keys($Model->data);
1005:             $values = array_values($Model->data);
1006:         }
1007:         $count = count($fields);
1008: 
1009:         for ($i = 0; $i < $count; $i++) {
1010:             $schema = $Model->schema();
1011:             $valueInsert[] = $this->value($values[$i], $Model->getColumnType($fields[$i]), isset($schema[$fields[$i]]) ? $schema[$fields[$i]]['null'] : true);
1012:             $fieldInsert[] = $this->name($fields[$i]);
1013:             if ($fields[$i] === $Model->primaryKey) {
1014:                 $id = $values[$i];
1015:             }
1016:         }
1017: 
1018:         $query = array(
1019:             'table' => $this->fullTableName($Model),
1020:             'fields' => implode(', ', $fieldInsert),
1021:             'values' => implode(', ', $valueInsert)
1022:         );
1023: 
1024:         if ($this->execute($this->renderStatement('create', $query))) {
1025:             if (empty($id)) {
1026:                 $id = $this->lastInsertId($this->fullTableName($Model, false, false), $Model->primaryKey);
1027:             }
1028:             $Model->setInsertID($id);
1029:             $Model->id = $id;
1030:             return true;
1031:         }
1032: 
1033:         $Model->onError();
1034:         return false;
1035:     }
1036: 
1037: /**
1038:  * The "R" in CRUD
1039:  *
1040:  * Reads record(s) from the database.
1041:  *
1042:  * @param Model $Model A Model object that the query is for.
1043:  * @param array $queryData An array of queryData information containing keys similar to Model::find().
1044:  * @param int $recursive Number of levels of association
1045:  * @return mixed boolean false on error/failure. An array of results on success.
1046:  */
1047:     public function read(Model $Model, $queryData = array(), $recursive = null) {
1048:         $queryData = $this->_scrubQueryData($queryData);
1049: 
1050:         $array = array('callbacks' => $queryData['callbacks']);
1051: 
1052:         if ($recursive === null && isset($queryData['recursive'])) {
1053:             $recursive = $queryData['recursive'];
1054:         }
1055: 
1056:         if ($recursive !== null) {
1057:             $modelRecursive = $Model->recursive;
1058:             $Model->recursive = $recursive;
1059:         }
1060: 
1061:         if (!empty($queryData['fields'])) {
1062:             $noAssocFields = true;
1063:             $queryData['fields'] = $this->fields($Model, null, $queryData['fields']);
1064:         } else {
1065:             $noAssocFields = false;
1066:             $queryData['fields'] = $this->fields($Model);
1067:         }
1068: 
1069:         if ($Model->recursive === -1) {
1070:             // Primary model data only, no joins.
1071:             $associations = array();
1072: 
1073:         } else {
1074:             $associations = $Model->associations();
1075: 
1076:             if ($Model->recursive === 0) {
1077:                 // Primary model data and its domain.
1078:                 unset($associations[2], $associations[3]);
1079:             }
1080:         }
1081: 
1082:         $originalJoins = $queryData['joins'];
1083:         $queryData['joins'] = array();
1084: 
1085:         // Generate hasOne and belongsTo associations inside $queryData
1086:         $linkedModels = array();
1087:         foreach ($associations as $type) {
1088:             if ($type !== 'hasOne' && $type !== 'belongsTo') {
1089:                 continue;
1090:             }
1091: 
1092:             foreach ($Model->{$type} as $assoc => $assocData) {
1093:                 $LinkModel = $Model->{$assoc};
1094: 
1095:                 if ($Model->useDbConfig !== $LinkModel->useDbConfig) {
1096:                     continue;
1097:                 }
1098: 
1099:                 if ($noAssocFields) {
1100:                     $assocData['fields'] = false;
1101:                 }
1102: 
1103:                 $external = isset($assocData['external']);
1104: 
1105:                 if ($this->generateAssociationQuery($Model, $LinkModel, $type, $assoc, $assocData, $queryData, $external) === true) {
1106:                     $linkedModels[$type . '/' . $assoc] = true;
1107:                 }
1108:             }
1109:         }
1110: 
1111:         if (!empty($originalJoins)) {
1112:             $queryData['joins'] = array_merge($queryData['joins'], $originalJoins);
1113:         }
1114: 
1115:         // Build SQL statement with the primary model, plus hasOne and belongsTo associations
1116:         $query = $this->buildAssociationQuery($Model, $queryData);
1117: 
1118:         $resultSet = $this->fetchAll($query, $Model->cacheQueries);
1119:         unset($query);
1120: 
1121:         if ($resultSet === false) {
1122:             $Model->onError();
1123:             return false;
1124:         }
1125: 
1126:         $filtered = array();
1127: 
1128:         // Deep associations
1129:         if ($Model->recursive > -1) {
1130:             $joined = array();
1131:             if (isset($queryData['joins'][0]['alias'])) {
1132:                 $joined[$Model->alias] = (array)Hash::extract($queryData['joins'], '{n}.alias');
1133:             }
1134: 
1135:             foreach ($associations as $type) {
1136:                 foreach ($Model->{$type} as $assoc => $assocData) {
1137:                     $LinkModel = $Model->{$assoc};
1138: 
1139:                     if (!isset($linkedModels[$type . '/' . $assoc])) {
1140:                         $db = $Model->useDbConfig === $LinkModel->useDbConfig ? $this : $LinkModel->getDataSource();
1141:                     } elseif ($Model->recursive > 1) {
1142:                         $db = $this;
1143:                     }
1144: 
1145:                     if (isset($db) && method_exists($db, 'queryAssociation')) {
1146:                         $stack = array($assoc);
1147:                         $stack['_joined'] = $joined;
1148: 
1149:                         $db->queryAssociation($Model, $LinkModel, $type, $assoc, $assocData, $array, true, $resultSet, $Model->recursive - 1, $stack);
1150:                         unset($db);
1151: 
1152:                         if ($type === 'hasMany' || $type === 'hasAndBelongsToMany') {
1153:                             $filtered[] = $assoc;
1154:                         }
1155:                     }
1156:                 }
1157:             }
1158:         }
1159: 
1160:         if ($queryData['callbacks'] === true || $queryData['callbacks'] === 'after') {
1161:             $this->_filterResults($resultSet, $Model, $filtered);
1162:         }
1163: 
1164:         if ($recursive !== null) {
1165:             $Model->recursive = $modelRecursive;
1166:         }
1167: 
1168:         return $resultSet;
1169:     }
1170: 
1171: /**
1172:  * Passes association results through afterFind filters of the corresponding model.
1173:  *
1174:  * The primary model is always excluded, because the filtering is later done by Model::_filterResults().
1175:  *
1176:  * @param array &$resultSet Reference of resultset to be filtered.
1177:  * @param Model $Model Instance of model to operate against.
1178:  * @param array $filtered List of classes already filtered, to be skipped.
1179:  * @return array Array of results that have been filtered through $Model->afterFind.
1180:  */
1181:     protected function _filterResults(&$resultSet, Model $Model, $filtered = array()) {
1182:         if (!is_array($resultSet)) {
1183:             return array();
1184:         }
1185: 
1186:         $current = reset($resultSet);
1187:         if (!is_array($current)) {
1188:             return array();
1189:         }
1190: 
1191:         $keys = array_diff(array_keys($current), $filtered, array($Model->alias));
1192:         $filtering = array();
1193: 
1194:         foreach ($keys as $className) {
1195:             if (!isset($Model->{$className}) || !is_object($Model->{$className})) {
1196:                 continue;
1197:             }
1198: 
1199:             $LinkedModel = $Model->{$className};
1200:             $filtering[] = $className;
1201: 
1202:             foreach ($resultSet as $key => &$result) {
1203:                 $data = $LinkedModel->afterFind(array(array($className => $result[$className])), false);
1204:                 if (isset($data[0][$className])) {
1205:                     $result[$className] = $data[0][$className];
1206:                 } else {
1207:                     unset($resultSet[$key]);
1208:                 }
1209:             }
1210:         }
1211: 
1212:         return $filtering;
1213:     }
1214: 
1215: /**
1216:  * Passes association results through afterFind filters of the corresponding model.
1217:  *
1218:  * Similar to DboSource::_filterResults(), but this filters only specified models.
1219:  * The primary model can not be specified, because this call DboSource::_filterResults() internally.
1220:  *
1221:  * @param array &$resultSet Reference of resultset to be filtered.
1222:  * @param Model $Model Instance of model to operate against.
1223:  * @param array $toBeFiltered List of classes to be filtered.
1224:  * @return array Array of results that have been filtered through $Model->afterFind.
1225:  */
1226:     protected function _filterResultsInclusive(&$resultSet, Model $Model, $toBeFiltered = array()) {
1227:         $exclude = array();
1228: 
1229:         if (is_array($resultSet)) {
1230:             $current = reset($resultSet);
1231:             if (is_array($current)) {
1232:                 $exclude = array_diff(array_keys($current), $toBeFiltered);
1233:             }
1234:         }
1235: 
1236:         return $this->_filterResults($resultSet, $Model, $exclude);
1237:     }
1238: 
1239: /**
1240:  * Queries associations.
1241:  *
1242:  * Used to fetch results on recursive models.
1243:  *
1244:  * - 'hasMany' associations with no limit set:
1245:  *    Fetch, filter and merge is done recursively for every level.
1246:  *
1247:  * - 'hasAndBelongsToMany' associations:
1248:  *    Fetch and filter is done unaffected by the (recursive) level set.
1249:  *
1250:  * @param Model $Model Primary Model object.
1251:  * @param Model $LinkModel Linked model object.
1252:  * @param string $type Association type, one of the model association types ie. hasMany.
1253:  * @param string $association Association name.
1254:  * @param array $assocData Association data.
1255:  * @param array &$queryData An array of queryData information containing keys similar to Model::find().
1256:  * @param bool $external Whether or not the association query is on an external datasource.
1257:  * @param array &$resultSet Existing results.
1258:  * @param int $recursive Number of levels of association.
1259:  * @param array $stack A list with joined models.
1260:  * @return mixed
1261:  * @throws CakeException when results cannot be created.
1262:  */
1263:     public function queryAssociation(Model $Model, Model $LinkModel, $type, $association, $assocData, &$queryData, $external, &$resultSet, $recursive, $stack) {
1264:         if (isset($stack['_joined'])) {
1265:             $joined = $stack['_joined'];
1266:             unset($stack['_joined']);
1267:         }
1268: 
1269:         $queryTemplate = $this->generateAssociationQuery($Model, $LinkModel, $type, $association, $assocData, $queryData, $external);
1270:         if (empty($queryTemplate)) {
1271:             return null;
1272:         }
1273: 
1274:         if (!is_array($resultSet)) {
1275:             throw new CakeException(__d('cake_dev', 'Error in Model %s', get_class($Model)));
1276:         }
1277: 
1278:         if ($type === 'hasMany' && empty($assocData['limit']) && !empty($assocData['foreignKey'])) {
1279:             // 'hasMany' associations with no limit set.
1280: 
1281:             $assocIds = array();
1282:             foreach ($resultSet as $result) {
1283:                 $assocIds[] = $this->insertQueryData('{$__cakeID__$}', $result, $association, $Model, $stack);
1284:             }
1285:             $assocIds = array_filter($assocIds);
1286: 
1287:             // Fetch
1288:             $assocResultSet = array();
1289:             if (!empty($assocIds)) {
1290:                 $assocResultSet = $this->_fetchHasMany($Model, $queryTemplate, $assocIds);
1291:             }
1292: 
1293:             // Recursively query associations
1294:             if ($recursive > 0 && !empty($assocResultSet) && is_array($assocResultSet)) {
1295:                 foreach ($LinkModel->associations() as $type1) {
1296:                     foreach ($LinkModel->{$type1} as $assoc1 => $assocData1) {
1297:                         $DeepModel = $LinkModel->{$assoc1};
1298:                         $tmpStack = $stack;
1299:                         $tmpStack[] = $assoc1;
1300: 
1301:                         $db = $LinkModel->useDbConfig === $DeepModel->useDbConfig ? $this : $DeepModel->getDataSource();
1302: 
1303:                         $db->queryAssociation($LinkModel, $DeepModel, $type1, $assoc1, $assocData1, $queryData, true, $assocResultSet, $recursive - 1, $tmpStack);
1304:                     }
1305:                 }
1306:             }
1307: 
1308:             // Filter
1309:             if ($queryData['callbacks'] === true || $queryData['callbacks'] === 'after') {
1310:                 $this->_filterResultsInclusive($assocResultSet, $Model, array($association));
1311:             }
1312: 
1313:             // Merge
1314:             return $this->_mergeHasMany($resultSet, $assocResultSet, $association, $Model);
1315: 
1316:         } elseif ($type === 'hasAndBelongsToMany') {
1317:             // 'hasAndBelongsToMany' associations.
1318: 
1319:             $assocIds = array();
1320:             foreach ($resultSet as $result) {
1321:                 $assocIds[] = $this->insertQueryData('{$__cakeID__$}', $result, $association, $Model, $stack);
1322:             }
1323:             $assocIds = array_filter($assocIds);
1324: 
1325:             // Fetch
1326:             $assocResultSet = array();
1327:             if (!empty($assocIds)) {
1328:                 $assocResultSet = $this->_fetchHasAndBelongsToMany($Model, $queryTemplate, $assocIds, $association);
1329:             }
1330: 
1331:             $habtmAssocData = $Model->hasAndBelongsToMany[$association];
1332:             $foreignKey = $habtmAssocData['foreignKey'];
1333:             $joinKeys = array($foreignKey, $habtmAssocData['associationForeignKey']);
1334:             list($with, $habtmFields) = $Model->joinModel($habtmAssocData['with'], $joinKeys);
1335:             $habtmFieldsCount = count($habtmFields);
1336: 
1337:             // Filter
1338:             if ($queryData['callbacks'] === true || $queryData['callbacks'] === 'after') {
1339:                 $this->_filterResultsInclusive($assocResultSet, $Model, array($association, $with));
1340:             }
1341:         }
1342: 
1343:         $modelAlias = $Model->alias;
1344:         $primaryKey = $Model->primaryKey;
1345:         $selfJoin = ($Model->name === $LinkModel->name);
1346: 
1347:         foreach ($resultSet as &$row) {
1348:             if ($type === 'hasOne' || $type === 'belongsTo' || $type === 'hasMany') {
1349:                 $assocResultSet = array();
1350:                 $prefetched = false;
1351: 
1352:                 if (($type === 'hasOne' || $type === 'belongsTo') &&
1353:                     isset($row[$LinkModel->alias], $joined[$Model->alias]) &&
1354:                     in_array($LinkModel->alias, $joined[$Model->alias])
1355:                 ) {
1356:                     $joinedData = Hash::filter($row[$LinkModel->alias]);
1357:                     if (!empty($joinedData)) {
1358:                         $assocResultSet[0] = array($LinkModel->alias => $row[$LinkModel->alias]);
1359:                     }
1360:                     $prefetched = true;
1361:                 } else {
1362:                     $query = $this->insertQueryData($queryTemplate, $row, $association, $Model, $stack);
1363:                     if ($query !== false) {
1364:                         $assocResultSet = $this->fetchAll($query, $Model->cacheQueries);
1365:                     }
1366:                 }
1367:             }
1368: 
1369:             if (!empty($assocResultSet) && is_array($assocResultSet)) {
1370:                 if ($recursive > 0) {
1371:                     foreach ($LinkModel->associations() as $type1) {
1372:                         foreach ($LinkModel->{$type1} as $assoc1 => $assocData1) {
1373:                             $DeepModel = $LinkModel->{$assoc1};
1374: 
1375:                             if ($type1 === 'belongsTo' ||
1376:                                 ($type === 'belongsTo' && $DeepModel->alias === $modelAlias) ||
1377:                                 ($DeepModel->alias !== $modelAlias)
1378:                             ) {
1379:                                 $tmpStack = $stack;
1380:                                 $tmpStack[] = $assoc1;
1381: 
1382:                                 $db = $LinkModel->useDbConfig === $DeepModel->useDbConfig ? $this : $DeepModel->getDataSource();
1383: 
1384:                                 $db->queryAssociation($LinkModel, $DeepModel, $type1, $assoc1, $assocData1, $queryData, true, $assocResultSet, $recursive - 1, $tmpStack);
1385:                             }
1386:                         }
1387:                     }
1388:                 }
1389: 
1390:                 if ($type === 'hasAndBelongsToMany') {
1391:                     $merge = array();
1392:                     foreach ($assocResultSet as $data) {
1393:                         if (isset($data[$with]) && $data[$with][$foreignKey] === $row[$modelAlias][$primaryKey]) {
1394:                             if ($habtmFieldsCount <= 2) {
1395:                                 unset($data[$with]);
1396:                             }
1397:                             $merge[] = $data;
1398:                         }
1399:                     }
1400: 
1401:                     if (empty($merge) && !isset($row[$association])) {
1402:                         $row[$association] = $merge;
1403:                     } else {
1404:                         $this->_mergeAssociation($row, $merge, $association, $type);
1405:                     }
1406:                 } else {
1407:                     if (!$prefetched && $LinkModel->useConsistentAfterFind) {
1408:                         if ($queryData['callbacks'] === true || $queryData['callbacks'] === 'after') {
1409:                             $this->_filterResultsInclusive($assocResultSet, $Model, array($association));
1410:                         }
1411:                     }
1412:                     $this->_mergeAssociation($row, $assocResultSet, $association, $type, $selfJoin);
1413:                 }
1414: 
1415:                 if ($type !== 'hasAndBelongsToMany' && isset($row[$association]) && !$prefetched && !$LinkModel->useConsistentAfterFind) {
1416:                     $row[$association] = $LinkModel->afterFind($row[$association], false);
1417:                 }
1418: 
1419:             } else {
1420:                 $tempArray[0][$association] = false;
1421:                 $this->_mergeAssociation($row, $tempArray, $association, $type, $selfJoin);
1422:             }
1423:         }
1424:     }
1425: 
1426: /**
1427:  * Fetch 'hasMany' associations.
1428:  *
1429:  * This is just a proxy to maintain BC.
1430:  *
1431:  * @param Model $Model Primary model object.
1432:  * @param string $query Association query template.
1433:  * @param array $ids Array of IDs of associated records.
1434:  * @return array Association results.
1435:  * @see DboSource::_fetchHasMany()
1436:  */
1437:     public function fetchAssociated(Model $Model, $query, $ids) {
1438:         return $this->_fetchHasMany($Model, $query, $ids);
1439:     }
1440: 
1441: /**
1442:  * Fetch 'hasMany' associations.
1443:  *
1444:  * @param Model $Model Primary model object.
1445:  * @param string $query Association query template.
1446:  * @param array $ids Array of IDs of associated records.
1447:  * @return array Association results.
1448:  */
1449:     protected function _fetchHasMany(Model $Model, $query, $ids) {
1450:         $ids = array_unique($ids);
1451: 
1452:         if (count($ids) > 1) {
1453:             $query = str_replace('= ({$__cakeID__$}', 'IN ({$__cakeID__$}', $query);
1454:         }
1455:         $query = str_replace('{$__cakeID__$}', implode(', ', $ids), $query);
1456:         return $this->fetchAll($query, $Model->cacheQueries);
1457:     }
1458: 
1459: /**
1460:  * Fetch 'hasAndBelongsToMany' associations.
1461:  *
1462:  * @param Model $Model Primary model object.
1463:  * @param string $query Association query.
1464:  * @param array $ids Array of IDs of associated records.
1465:  * @param string $association Association name.
1466:  * @return array Association results.
1467:  */
1468:     protected function _fetchHasAndBelongsToMany(Model $Model, $query, $ids, $association) {
1469:         $ids = array_unique($ids);
1470: 
1471:         if (count($ids) > 1) {
1472:             $query = str_replace('{$__cakeID__$}', '(' . implode(', ', $ids) . ')', $query);
1473:             $query = str_replace('= (', 'IN (', $query);
1474:         } else {
1475:             $query = str_replace('{$__cakeID__$}', $ids[0], $query);
1476:         }
1477:         $query = str_replace(' WHERE 1 = 1', '', $query);
1478: 
1479:         return $this->fetchAll($query, $Model->cacheQueries);
1480:     }
1481: 
1482: /**
1483:  * Merge the results of 'hasMany' associations.
1484:  *
1485:  * Note: this function also deals with the formatting of the data.
1486:  *
1487:  * @param array &$resultSet Data to merge into.
1488:  * @param array $assocResultSet Data to merge.
1489:  * @param string $association Name of Model being merged.
1490:  * @param Model $Model Model being merged onto.
1491:  * @return void
1492:  */
1493:     protected function _mergeHasMany(&$resultSet, $assocResultSet, $association, Model $Model) {
1494:         $modelAlias = $Model->alias;
1495:         $primaryKey = $Model->primaryKey;
1496:         $foreignKey = $Model->hasMany[$association]['foreignKey'];
1497: 
1498:         foreach ($resultSet as &$result) {
1499:             if (!isset($result[$modelAlias])) {
1500:                 continue;
1501:             }
1502: 
1503:             $resultPrimaryKey = $result[$modelAlias][$primaryKey];
1504: 
1505:             $merged = array();
1506:             foreach ($assocResultSet as $data) {
1507:                 if ($resultPrimaryKey !== $data[$association][$foreignKey]) {
1508:                     continue;
1509:                 }
1510: 
1511:                 if (count($data) > 1) {
1512:                     $data = array_merge($data[$association], $data);
1513:                     unset($data[$association]);
1514:                     foreach ($data as $key => $name) {
1515:                         if (is_numeric($key)) {
1516:                             $data[$association][] = $name;
1517:                             unset($data[$key]);
1518:                         }
1519:                     }
1520:                     $merged[] = $data;
1521:                 } else {
1522:                     $merged[] = $data[$association];
1523:                 }
1524:             }
1525: 
1526:             $result = Hash::mergeDiff($result, array($association => $merged));
1527:         }
1528:     }
1529: 
1530: /**
1531:  * Merge association of merge into data
1532:  *
1533:  * @param array &$data The data to merge.
1534:  * @param array &$merge The data to merge.
1535:  * @param string $association The association name to merge.
1536:  * @param string $type The type of association
1537:  * @param bool $selfJoin Whether or not this is a self join.
1538:  * @return void
1539:  */
1540:     protected function _mergeAssociation(&$data, &$merge, $association, $type, $selfJoin = false) {
1541:         if (isset($merge[0]) && !isset($merge[0][$association])) {
1542:             $association = Inflector::pluralize($association);
1543:         }
1544: 
1545:         $dataAssociation =& $data[$association];
1546: 
1547:         if ($type === 'belongsTo' || $type === 'hasOne') {
1548:             if (isset($merge[$association])) {
1549:                 $dataAssociation = $merge[$association][0];
1550:             } else {
1551:                 if (!empty($merge[0][$association])) {
1552:                     foreach ($merge[0] as $assoc => $data2) {
1553:                         if ($assoc !== $association) {
1554:                             $merge[0][$association][$assoc] = $data2;
1555:                         }
1556:                     }
1557:                 }
1558:                 if (!isset($dataAssociation)) {
1559:                     $dataAssociation = array();
1560:                     if ($merge[0][$association]) {
1561:                         $dataAssociation = $merge[0][$association];
1562:                     }
1563:                 } else {
1564:                     if (is_array($merge[0][$association])) {
1565:                         $mergeAssocTmp = array();
1566:                         foreach ($dataAssociation as $k => $v) {
1567:                             if (!is_array($v)) {
1568:                                 $dataAssocTmp[$k] = $v;
1569:                             }
1570:                         }
1571: 
1572:                         foreach ($merge[0][$association] as $k => $v) {
1573:                             if (!is_array($v)) {
1574:                                 $mergeAssocTmp[$k] = $v;
1575:                             }
1576:                         }
1577:                         $dataKeys = array_keys($data);
1578:                         $mergeKeys = array_keys($merge[0]);
1579: 
1580:                         if ($mergeKeys[0] === $dataKeys[0] || $mergeKeys === $dataKeys) {
1581:                             $dataAssociation[$association] = $merge[0][$association];
1582:                         } else {
1583:                             $diff = Hash::diff($dataAssocTmp, $mergeAssocTmp);
1584:                             $dataAssociation = array_merge($merge[0][$association], $diff);
1585:                         }
1586:                     } elseif ($selfJoin && array_key_exists($association, $merge[0])) {
1587:                         $dataAssociation = array_merge($dataAssociation, array($association => array()));
1588:                     }
1589:                 }
1590:             }
1591:         } else {
1592:             if (isset($merge[0][$association]) && $merge[0][$association] === false) {
1593:                 if (!isset($dataAssociation)) {
1594:                     $dataAssociation = array();
1595:                 }
1596:             } else {
1597:                 foreach ($merge as $row) {
1598:                     $insert = array();
1599:                     if (count($row) === 1) {
1600:                         $insert = $row[$association];
1601:                     } elseif (isset($row[$association])) {
1602:                         $insert = array_merge($row[$association], $row);
1603:                         unset($insert[$association]);
1604:                     }
1605: 
1606:                     if (empty($dataAssociation) || (isset($dataAssociation) && !in_array($insert, $dataAssociation, true))) {
1607:                         $dataAssociation[] = $insert;
1608:                     }
1609:                 }
1610:             }
1611:         }
1612:     }
1613: 
1614: /**
1615:  * Prepares fields required by an SQL statement.
1616:  *
1617:  * When no fields are set, all the $Model fields are returned.
1618:  *
1619:  * @param Model $Model The model to prepare.
1620:  * @param array $queryData An array of queryData information containing keys similar to Model::find().
1621:  * @return array Array containing SQL fields.
1622:  */
1623:     public function prepareFields(Model $Model, $queryData) {
1624:         if (empty($queryData['fields'])) {
1625:             $queryData['fields'] = $this->fields($Model);
1626: 
1627:         } elseif (!empty($Model->hasMany) && $Model->recursive > -1) {
1628:             // hasMany relationships need the $Model primary key.
1629:             $assocFields = $this->fields($Model, null, "{$Model->alias}.{$Model->primaryKey}");
1630:             $passedFields = $queryData['fields'];
1631: 
1632:             if (count($passedFields) > 1 ||
1633:                 (strpos($passedFields[0], $assocFields[0]) === false && !preg_match('/^[a-z]+\(/i', $passedFields[0]))
1634:             ) {
1635:                 $queryData['fields'] = array_merge($passedFields, $assocFields);
1636:             }
1637:         }
1638: 
1639:         return array_unique($queryData['fields']);
1640:     }
1641: 
1642: /**
1643:  * Builds an SQL statement.
1644:  *
1645:  * This is merely a convenient wrapper to DboSource::buildStatement().
1646:  *
1647:  * @param Model $Model The model to build an association query for.
1648:  * @param array $queryData An array of queryData information containing keys similar to Model::find().
1649:  * @return string String containing an SQL statement.
1650:  * @see DboSource::buildStatement()
1651:  */
1652:     public function buildAssociationQuery(Model $Model, $queryData) {
1653:         $queryData = $this->_scrubQueryData($queryData);
1654: 
1655:         return $this->buildStatement(
1656:             array(
1657:                 'fields' => $this->prepareFields($Model, $queryData),
1658:                 'table' => $this->fullTableName($Model),
1659:                 'alias' => $Model->alias,
1660:                 'limit' => $queryData['limit'],
1661:                 'offset' => $queryData['offset'],
1662:                 'joins' => $queryData['joins'],
1663:                 'conditions' => $queryData['conditions'],
1664:                 'order' => $queryData['order'],
1665:                 'group' => $queryData['group']
1666:             ),
1667:             $Model
1668:         );
1669:     }
1670: 
1671: /**
1672:  * Generates a query or part of a query from a single model or two associated models.
1673:  *
1674:  * Builds a string containing an SQL statement template.
1675:  *
1676:  * @param Model $Model Primary Model object.
1677:  * @param Model|null $LinkModel Linked model object.
1678:  * @param string $type Association type, one of the model association types ie. hasMany.
1679:  * @param string $association Association name.
1680:  * @param array $assocData Association data.
1681:  * @param array &$queryData An array of queryData information containing keys similar to Model::find().
1682:  * @param bool $external Whether or not the association query is on an external datasource.
1683:  * @return mixed
1684:  *   String representing a query.
1685:  *   True, when $external is false and association $type is 'hasOne' or 'belongsTo'.
1686:  */
1687:     public function generateAssociationQuery(Model $Model, $LinkModel, $type, $association, $assocData, &$queryData, $external) {
1688:         $assocData = $this->_scrubQueryData($assocData);
1689:         $queryData = $this->_scrubQueryData($queryData);
1690: 
1691:         if ($LinkModel === null) {
1692:             return $this->buildStatement(
1693:                 array(
1694:                     'fields' => array_unique($queryData['fields']),
1695:                     'table' => $this->fullTableName($Model),
1696:                     'alias' => $Model->alias,
1697:                     'limit' => $queryData['limit'],
1698:                     'offset' => $queryData['offset'],
1699:                     'joins' => $queryData['joins'],
1700:                     'conditions' => $queryData['conditions'],
1701:                     'order' => $queryData['order'],
1702:                     'group' => $queryData['group']
1703:                 ),
1704:                 $Model
1705:             );
1706:         }
1707: 
1708:         if ($external && !empty($assocData['finderQuery'])) {
1709:             return $assocData['finderQuery'];
1710:         }
1711: 
1712:         if ($type === 'hasMany' || $type === 'hasAndBelongsToMany') {
1713:             if (empty($assocData['offset']) && !empty($assocData['page'])) {
1714:                 $assocData['offset'] = ($assocData['page'] - 1) * $assocData['limit'];
1715:             }
1716:         }
1717: 
1718:         switch ($type) {
1719:             case 'hasOne':
1720:             case 'belongsTo':
1721:                 $conditions = $this->_mergeConditions(
1722:                     $assocData['conditions'],
1723:                     $this->getConstraint($type, $Model, $LinkModel, $association, array_merge($assocData, compact('external')))
1724:                 );
1725: 
1726:                 if ($external) {
1727:                     // Not self join
1728:                     if ($Model->name !== $LinkModel->name) {
1729:                         $modelAlias = $Model->alias;
1730:                         foreach ($conditions as $key => $condition) {
1731:                             if (is_numeric($key) && strpos($condition, $modelAlias . '.') !== false) {
1732:                                 unset($conditions[$key]);
1733:                             }
1734:                         }
1735:                     }
1736: 
1737:                     $query = array_merge($assocData, array(
1738:                         'conditions' => $conditions,
1739:                         'table' => $this->fullTableName($LinkModel),
1740:                         'fields' => $this->fields($LinkModel, $association, $assocData['fields']),
1741:                         'alias' => $association,
1742:                         'group' => null
1743:                     ));
1744:                 } else {
1745:                     $join = array(
1746:                         'table' => $LinkModel,
1747:                         'alias' => $association,
1748:                         'type' => isset($assocData['type']) ? $assocData['type'] : 'LEFT',
1749:                         'conditions' => trim($this->conditions($conditions, true, false, $Model))
1750:                     );
1751: 
1752:                     $fields = array();
1753:                     if ($assocData['fields'] !== false) {
1754:                         $fields = $this->fields($LinkModel, $association, $assocData['fields']);
1755:                     }
1756: 
1757:                     $queryData['fields'] = array_merge($this->prepareFields($Model, $queryData), $fields);
1758: 
1759:                     if (!empty($assocData['order'])) {
1760:                         $queryData['order'][] = $assocData['order'];
1761:                     }
1762:                     if (!in_array($join, $queryData['joins'], true)) {
1763:                         $queryData['joins'][] = $join;
1764:                     }
1765: 
1766:                     return true;
1767:                 }
1768:                 break;
1769:             case 'hasMany':
1770:                 $assocData['fields'] = $this->fields($LinkModel, $association, $assocData['fields']);
1771:                 if (!empty($assocData['foreignKey'])) {
1772:                     $assocData['fields'] = array_merge($assocData['fields'], $this->fields($LinkModel, $association, array("{$association}.{$assocData['foreignKey']}")));
1773:                 }
1774: 
1775:                 $query = array(
1776:                     'conditions' => $this->_mergeConditions($this->getConstraint('hasMany', $Model, $LinkModel, $association, $assocData), $assocData['conditions']),
1777:                     'fields' => array_unique($assocData['fields']),
1778:                     'table' => $this->fullTableName($LinkModel),
1779:                     'alias' => $association,
1780:                     'order' => $assocData['order'],
1781:                     'limit' => $assocData['limit'],
1782:                     'offset' => $assocData['offset'],
1783:                     'group' => null
1784:                 );
1785:                 break;
1786:             case 'hasAndBelongsToMany':
1787:                 $joinFields = array();
1788:                 $joinAssoc = null;
1789: 
1790:                 if (isset($assocData['with']) && !empty($assocData['with'])) {
1791:                     $joinKeys = array($assocData['foreignKey'], $assocData['associationForeignKey']);
1792:                     list($with, $joinFields) = $Model->joinModel($assocData['with'], $joinKeys);
1793: 
1794:                     $joinTbl = $Model->{$with};
1795:                     $joinAlias = $joinTbl;
1796: 
1797:                     if (is_array($joinFields) && !empty($joinFields)) {
1798:                         $joinAssoc = $joinAlias = $joinTbl->alias;
1799:                         $joinFields = $this->fields($joinTbl, $joinAlias, $joinFields);
1800:                     } else {
1801:                         $joinFields = array();
1802:                     }
1803:                 } else {
1804:                     $joinTbl = $assocData['joinTable'];
1805:                     $joinAlias = $this->fullTableName($assocData['joinTable']);
1806:                 }
1807: 
1808:                 $query = array(
1809:                     'conditions' => $assocData['conditions'],
1810:                     'limit' => $assocData['limit'],
1811:                     'offset' => $assocData['offset'],
1812:                     'table' => $this->fullTableName($LinkModel),
1813:                     'alias' => $association,
1814:                     'fields' => array_merge($this->fields($LinkModel, $association, $assocData['fields']), $joinFields),
1815:                     'order' => $assocData['order'],
1816:                     'group' => null,
1817:                     'joins' => array(array(
1818:                         'table' => $joinTbl,
1819:                         'alias' => $joinAssoc,
1820:                         'conditions' => $this->getConstraint('hasAndBelongsToMany', $Model, $LinkModel, $joinAlias, $assocData, $association)
1821:                     ))
1822:                 );
1823:                 break;
1824:         }
1825: 
1826:         if (isset($query)) {
1827:             return $this->buildStatement($query, $Model);
1828:         }
1829: 
1830:         return null;
1831:     }
1832: 
1833: /**
1834:  * Returns a conditions array for the constraint between two models.
1835:  *
1836:  * @param string $type Association type.
1837:  * @param Model $Model Primary Model object.
1838:  * @param Model $LinkModel Linked model object.
1839:  * @param string $association Association name.
1840:  * @param array $assocData Association data.
1841:  * @param string $association2 HABTM association name.
1842:  * @return array Conditions array defining the constraint between $Model and $LinkModel.
1843:  */
1844:     public function getConstraint($type, Model $Model, Model $LinkModel, $association, $assocData, $association2 = null) {
1845:         $assocData += array('external' => false);
1846: 
1847:         if (empty($assocData['foreignKey'])) {
1848:             return array();
1849:         }
1850: 
1851:         switch ($type) {
1852:             case 'hasOne':
1853:                 if ($assocData['external']) {
1854:                     return array(
1855:                         "{$association}.{$assocData['foreignKey']}" => '{$__cakeID__$}'
1856:                     );
1857:                 } else {
1858:                     return array(
1859:                         "{$association}.{$assocData['foreignKey']}" => $this->identifier("{$Model->alias}.{$Model->primaryKey}")
1860:                     );
1861:                 }
1862:             case 'belongsTo':
1863:                 if ($assocData['external']) {
1864:                     return array(
1865:                         "{$association}.{$LinkModel->primaryKey}" => '{$__cakeForeignKey__$}'
1866:                     );
1867:                 } else {
1868:                     return array(
1869:                         "{$Model->alias}.{$assocData['foreignKey']}" => $this->identifier("{$association}.{$LinkModel->primaryKey}")
1870:                     );
1871:                 }
1872:             case 'hasMany':
1873:                 return array("{$association}.{$assocData['foreignKey']}" => array('{$__cakeID__$}'));
1874:             case 'hasAndBelongsToMany':
1875:                 return array(
1876:                     array(
1877:                         "{$association}.{$assocData['foreignKey']}" => '{$__cakeID__$}'
1878:                     ),
1879:                     array(
1880:                         "{$association}.{$assocData['associationForeignKey']}" => $this->identifier("{$association2}.{$LinkModel->primaryKey}")
1881:                     )
1882:                 );
1883:         }
1884: 
1885:         return array();
1886:     }
1887: 
1888: /**
1889:  * Builds and generates a JOIN condition from an array. Handles final clean-up before conversion.
1890:  *
1891:  * @param array $join An array defining a JOIN condition in a query.
1892:  * @return string An SQL JOIN condition to be used in a query.
1893:  * @see DboSource::renderJoinStatement()
1894:  * @see DboSource::buildStatement()
1895:  */
1896:     public function buildJoinStatement($join) {
1897:         $data = array_merge(array(
1898:             'type' => null,
1899:             'alias' => null,
1900:             'table' => 'join_table',
1901:             'conditions' => '',
1902:         ), $join);
1903: 
1904:         if (!empty($data['alias'])) {
1905:             $data['alias'] = $this->alias . $this->name($data['alias']);
1906:         }
1907:         if (!empty($data['conditions'])) {
1908:             $data['conditions'] = trim($this->conditions($data['conditions'], true, false));
1909:         }
1910:         if (!empty($data['table']) && (!is_string($data['table']) || strpos($data['table'], '(') !== 0)) {
1911:             $data['table'] = $this->fullTableName($data['table']);
1912:         }
1913:         return $this->renderJoinStatement($data);
1914:     }
1915: 
1916: /**
1917:  * Builds and generates an SQL statement from an array. Handles final clean-up before conversion.
1918:  *
1919:  * @param array $query An array defining an SQL query.
1920:  * @param Model $Model The model object which initiated the query.
1921:  * @return string An executable SQL statement.
1922:  * @see DboSource::renderStatement()
1923:  */
1924:     public function buildStatement($query, Model $Model) {
1925:         $query = array_merge($this->_queryDefaults, $query);
1926: 
1927:         if (!empty($query['joins'])) {
1928:             $count = count($query['joins']);
1929:             for ($i = 0; $i < $count; $i++) {
1930:                 if (is_array($query['joins'][$i])) {
1931:                     $query['joins'][$i] = $this->buildJoinStatement($query['joins'][$i]);
1932:                 }
1933:             }
1934:         }
1935: 
1936:         return $this->renderStatement('select', array(
1937:             'conditions' => $this->conditions($query['conditions'], true, true, $Model),
1938:             'fields' => implode(', ', $query['fields']),
1939:             'table' => $query['table'],
1940:             'alias' => $this->alias . $this->name($query['alias']),
1941:             'order' => $this->order($query['order'], 'ASC', $Model),
1942:             'limit' => $this->limit($query['limit'], $query['offset']),
1943:             'joins' => implode(' ', $query['joins']),
1944:             'group' => $this->group($query['group'], $Model)
1945:         ));
1946:     }
1947: 
1948: /**
1949:  * Renders a final SQL JOIN statement
1950:  *
1951:  * @param array $data The data to generate a join statement for.
1952:  * @return string
1953:  */
1954:     public function renderJoinStatement($data) {
1955:         if (strtoupper($data['type']) === 'CROSS' || empty($data['conditions'])) {
1956:             return "{$data['type']} JOIN {$data['table']} {$data['alias']}";
1957:         }
1958:         return trim("{$data['type']} JOIN {$data['table']} {$data['alias']} ON ({$data['conditions']})");
1959:     }
1960: 
1961: /**
1962:  * Renders a final SQL statement by putting together the component parts in the correct order
1963:  *
1964:  * @param string $type type of query being run. e.g select, create, update, delete, schema, alter.
1965:  * @param array $data Array of data to insert into the query.
1966:  * @return string|null Rendered SQL expression to be run, otherwise null.
1967:  */
1968:     public function renderStatement($type, $data) {
1969:         extract($data);
1970:         $aliases = null;
1971: 
1972:         switch (strtolower($type)) {
1973:             case 'select':
1974:                 return trim("SELECT {$fields} FROM {$table} {$alias} {$joins} {$conditions} {$group} {$order} {$limit}");
1975:             case 'create':
1976:                 return "INSERT INTO {$table} ({$fields}) VALUES ({$values})";
1977:             case 'update':
1978:                 if (!empty($alias)) {
1979:                     $aliases = "{$this->alias}{$alias} {$joins} ";
1980:                 }
1981:                 return trim("UPDATE {$table} {$aliases}SET {$fields} {$conditions}");
1982:             case 'delete':
1983:                 if (!empty($alias)) {
1984:                     $aliases = "{$this->alias}{$alias} {$joins} ";
1985:                 }
1986:                 return trim("DELETE {$alias} FROM {$table} {$aliases}{$conditions}");
1987:             case 'schema':
1988:                 foreach (array('columns', 'indexes', 'tableParameters') as $var) {
1989:                     if (is_array(${$var})) {
1990:                         ${$var} = "\t" . implode(",\n\t", array_filter(${$var}));
1991:                     } else {
1992:                         ${$var} = '';
1993:                     }
1994:                 }
1995:                 if (trim($indexes) !== '') {
1996:                     $columns .= ',';
1997:                 }
1998:                 return "CREATE TABLE {$table} (\n{$columns}{$indexes}) {$tableParameters};";
1999:             case 'alter':
2000:                 return null;
2001:         }
2002:     }
2003: 
2004: /**
2005:  * Merges a mixed set of string/array conditions.
2006:  *
2007:  * @param mixed $query The query to merge conditions for.
2008:  * @param mixed $assoc The association names.
2009:  * @return array
2010:  */
2011:     protected function _mergeConditions($query, $assoc) {
2012:         if (empty($assoc)) {
2013:             return $query;
2014:         }
2015: 
2016:         if (is_array($query)) {
2017:             return array_merge((array)$assoc, $query);
2018:         }
2019: 
2020:         if (!empty($query)) {
2021:             $query = array($query);
2022:             if (is_array($assoc)) {
2023:                 $query = array_merge($query, $assoc);
2024:             } else {
2025:                 $query[] = $assoc;
2026:             }
2027:             return $query;
2028:         }
2029: 
2030:         return $assoc;
2031:     }
2032: 
2033: /**
2034:  * Generates and executes an SQL UPDATE statement for given model, fields, and values.
2035:  * For databases that do not support aliases in UPDATE queries.
2036:  *
2037:  * @param Model $Model The model to update.
2038:  * @param array $fields The fields to update
2039:  * @param array $values The values fo the fields.
2040:  * @param mixed $conditions The conditions for the update. When non-empty $values will not be quoted.
2041:  * @return bool Success
2042:  */
2043:     public function update(Model $Model, $fields = array(), $values = null, $conditions = null) {
2044:         if (!$values) {
2045:             $combined = $fields;
2046:         } else {
2047:             $combined = array_combine($fields, $values);
2048:         }
2049: 
2050:         $fields = implode(', ', $this->_prepareUpdateFields($Model, $combined, empty($conditions)));
2051: 
2052:         $alias = $joins = null;
2053:         $table = $this->fullTableName($Model);
2054:         $conditions = $this->_matchRecords($Model, $conditions);
2055: 
2056:         if ($conditions === false) {
2057:             return false;
2058:         }
2059:         $query = compact('table', 'alias', 'joins', 'fields', 'conditions');
2060: 
2061:         if (!$this->execute($this->renderStatement('update', $query))) {
2062:             $Model->onError();
2063:             return false;
2064:         }
2065:         return true;
2066:     }
2067: 
2068: /**
2069:  * Quotes and prepares fields and values for an SQL UPDATE statement
2070:  *
2071:  * @param Model $Model The model to prepare fields for.
2072:  * @param array $fields The fields to update.
2073:  * @param bool $quoteValues If values should be quoted, or treated as SQL snippets
2074:  * @param bool $alias Include the model alias in the field name
2075:  * @return array Fields and values, quoted and prepared
2076:  */
2077:     protected function _prepareUpdateFields(Model $Model, $fields, $quoteValues = true, $alias = false) {
2078:         $quotedAlias = $this->startQuote . $Model->alias . $this->endQuote;
2079:         $schema = $Model->schema();
2080: 
2081:         $updates = array();
2082:         foreach ($fields as $field => $value) {
2083:             if ($alias && strpos($field, '.') === false) {
2084:                 $quoted = $Model->escapeField($field);
2085:             } elseif (!$alias && strpos($field, '.') !== false) {
2086:                 $quoted = $this->name(str_replace($quotedAlias . '.', '', str_replace(
2087:                     $Model->alias . '.', '', $field
2088:                 )));
2089:             } else {
2090:                 $quoted = $this->name($field);
2091:             }
2092: 
2093:             if ($value === null) {
2094:                 $updates[] = $quoted . ' = NULL';
2095:                 continue;
2096:             }
2097:             $update = $quoted . ' = ';
2098: 
2099:             if ($quoteValues) {
2100:                 $update .= $this->value($value, $Model->getColumnType($field), isset($schema[$field]) ? $schema[$field]['null'] : true);
2101:             } elseif ($Model->getColumnType($field) === 'boolean' && (is_int($value) || is_bool($value))) {
2102:                 $update .= $this->boolean($value, true);
2103:             } elseif (!$alias) {
2104:                 $update .= str_replace($quotedAlias . '.', '', str_replace(
2105:                     $Model->alias . '.', '', $value
2106:                 ));
2107:             } else {
2108:                 $update .= $value;
2109:             }
2110:             $updates[] = $update;
2111:         }
2112:         return $updates;
2113:     }
2114: 
2115: /**
2116:  * Generates and executes an SQL DELETE statement.
2117:  * For databases that do not support aliases in UPDATE queries.
2118:  *
2119:  * @param Model $Model The model to delete from
2120:  * @param mixed $conditions The conditions to use. If empty the model's primary key will be used.
2121:  * @return bool Success
2122:  */
2123:     public function delete(Model $Model, $conditions = null) {
2124:         $alias = $joins = null;
2125:         $table = $this->fullTableName($Model);
2126:         $conditions = $this->_matchRecords($Model, $conditions);
2127: 
2128:         if ($conditions === false) {
2129:             return false;
2130:         }
2131: 
2132:         if ($this->execute($this->renderStatement('delete', compact('alias', 'table', 'joins', 'conditions'))) === false) {
2133:             $Model->onError();
2134:             return false;
2135:         }
2136:         return true;
2137:     }
2138: 
2139: /**
2140:  * Gets a list of record IDs for the given conditions. Used for multi-record updates and deletes
2141:  * in databases that do not support aliases in UPDATE/DELETE queries.
2142:  *
2143:  * @param Model $Model The model to find matching records for.
2144:  * @param mixed $conditions The conditions to match against.
2145:  * @return array List of record IDs
2146:  */
2147:     protected function _matchRecords(Model $Model, $conditions = null) {
2148:         if ($conditions === true) {
2149:             $conditions = $this->conditions(true);
2150:         } elseif ($conditions === null) {
2151:             $conditions = $this->conditions($this->defaultConditions($Model, $conditions, false), true, true, $Model);
2152:         } else {
2153:             $noJoin = true;
2154:             foreach ($conditions as $field => $value) {
2155:                 $originalField = $field;
2156:                 if (strpos($field, '.') !== false) {
2157:                     list(, $field) = explode('.', $field);
2158:                     $field = ltrim($field, $this->startQuote);
2159:                     $field = rtrim($field, $this->endQuote);
2160:                 }
2161:                 if (!$Model->hasField($field)) {
2162:                     $noJoin = false;
2163:                     break;
2164:                 }
2165:                 if ($field !== $originalField) {
2166:                     $conditions[$field] = $value;
2167:                     unset($conditions[$originalField]);
2168:                 }
2169:             }
2170:             if ($noJoin === true) {
2171:                 return $this->conditions($conditions);
2172:             }
2173:             $idList = $Model->find('all', array(
2174:                 'fields' => "{$Model->alias}.{$Model->primaryKey}",
2175:                 'conditions' => $conditions
2176:             ));
2177: 
2178:             if (empty($idList)) {
2179:                 return false;
2180:             }
2181: 
2182:             $conditions = $this->conditions(array(
2183:                 $Model->primaryKey => Hash::extract($idList, "{n}.{$Model->alias}.{$Model->primaryKey}")
2184:             ));
2185:         }
2186: 
2187:         return $conditions;
2188:     }
2189: 
2190: /**
2191:  * Returns an array of SQL JOIN conditions from a model's associations.
2192:  *
2193:  * @param Model $Model The model to get joins for.2
2194:  * @return array
2195:  */
2196:     protected function _getJoins(Model $Model) {
2197:         $join = array();
2198:         $joins = array_merge($Model->getAssociated('hasOne'), $Model->getAssociated('belongsTo'));
2199: 
2200:         foreach ($joins as $assoc) {
2201:             if (!isset($Model->{$assoc})) {
2202:                 continue;
2203:             }
2204: 
2205:             $LinkModel = $Model->{$assoc};
2206: 
2207:             if ($Model->useDbConfig !== $LinkModel->useDbConfig) {
2208:                 continue;
2209:             }
2210: 
2211:             $assocData = $Model->getAssociated($assoc);
2212: 
2213:             $join[] = $this->buildJoinStatement(array(
2214:                 'table' => $LinkModel,
2215:                 'alias' => $assoc,
2216:                 'type' => isset($assocData['type']) ? $assocData['type'] : 'LEFT',
2217:                 'conditions' => trim($this->conditions(
2218:                     $this->_mergeConditions($assocData['conditions'], $this->getConstraint($assocData['association'], $Model, $LinkModel, $assoc, $assocData)),
2219:                     true,
2220:                     false,
2221:                     $Model
2222:                 ))
2223:             ));
2224:         }
2225: 
2226:         return $join;
2227:     }
2228: 
2229: /**
2230:  * Returns an SQL calculation, i.e. COUNT() or MAX()
2231:  *
2232:  * @param Model $Model The model to get a calculated field for.
2233:  * @param string $func Lowercase name of SQL function, i.e. 'count' or 'max'
2234:  * @param array $params Function parameters (any values must be quoted manually)
2235:  * @return string An SQL calculation function
2236:  */
2237:     public function calculate(Model $Model, $func, $params = array()) {
2238:         $params = (array)$params;
2239: 
2240:         switch (strtolower($func)) {
2241:             case 'count':
2242:                 if (!isset($params[0])) {
2243:                     $params[0] = '*';
2244:                 }
2245:                 if (!isset($params[1])) {
2246:                     $params[1] = 'count';
2247:                 }
2248:                 if ($Model->isVirtualField($params[0])) {
2249:                     $arg = $this->_quoteFields($Model->getVirtualField($params[0]));
2250:                 } else {
2251:                     $arg = $this->name($params[0]);
2252:                 }
2253:                 return 'COUNT(' . $arg . ') AS ' . $this->name($params[1]);
2254:             case 'max':
2255:             case 'min':
2256:                 if (!isset($params[1])) {
2257:                     $params[1] = $params[0];
2258:                 }
2259:                 if ($Model->isVirtualField($params[0])) {
2260:                     $arg = $this->_quoteFields($Model->getVirtualField($params[0]));
2261:                 } else {
2262:                     $arg = $this->name($params[0]);
2263:                 }
2264:                 return strtoupper($func) . '(' . $arg . ') AS ' . $this->name($params[1]);
2265:         }
2266:     }
2267: 
2268: /**
2269:  * Deletes all the records in a table and resets the count of the auto-incrementing
2270:  * primary key, where applicable.
2271:  *
2272:  * @param Model|string $table A string or model class representing the table to be truncated
2273:  * @return bool SQL TRUNCATE TABLE statement, false if not applicable.
2274:  */
2275:     public function truncate($table) {
2276:         return $this->execute('TRUNCATE TABLE ' . $this->fullTableName($table));
2277:     }
2278: 
2279: /**
2280:  * Check if the server support nested transactions
2281:  *
2282:  * @return bool
2283:  */
2284:     public function nestedTransactionSupported() {
2285:         return false;
2286:     }
2287: 
2288: /**
2289:  * Begin a transaction
2290:  *
2291:  * @return bool True on success, false on fail
2292:  * (i.e. if the database/model does not support transactions,
2293:  * or a transaction has not started).
2294:  */
2295:     public function begin() {
2296:         if ($this->_transactionStarted) {
2297:             if ($this->nestedTransactionSupported()) {
2298:                 return $this->_beginNested();
2299:             }
2300:             $this->_transactionNesting++;
2301:             return $this->_transactionStarted;
2302:         }
2303: 
2304:         $this->_transactionNesting = 0;
2305:         if ($this->fullDebug) {
2306:             $this->logQuery('BEGIN');
2307:         }
2308:         return $this->_transactionStarted = $this->_connection->beginTransaction();
2309:     }
2310: 
2311: /**
2312:  * Begin a nested transaction
2313:  *
2314:  * @return bool
2315:  */
2316:     protected function _beginNested() {
2317:         $query = 'SAVEPOINT LEVEL' . ++$this->_transactionNesting;
2318:         if ($this->fullDebug) {
2319:             $this->logQuery($query);
2320:         }
2321:         $this->_connection->exec($query);
2322:         return true;
2323:     }
2324: 
2325: /**
2326:  * Commit a transaction
2327:  *
2328:  * @return bool True on success, false on fail
2329:  * (i.e. if the database/model does not support transactions,
2330:  * or a transaction has not started).
2331:  */
2332:     public function commit() {
2333:         if (!$this->_transactionStarted) {
2334:             return false;
2335:         }
2336: 
2337:         if ($this->_transactionNesting === 0) {
2338:             if ($this->fullDebug) {
2339:                 $this->logQuery('COMMIT');
2340:             }
2341:             $this->_transactionStarted = false;
2342:             return $this->_connection->commit();
2343:         }
2344: 
2345:         if ($this->nestedTransactionSupported()) {
2346:             return $this->_commitNested();
2347:         }
2348: 
2349:         $this->_transactionNesting--;
2350:         return true;
2351:     }
2352: 
2353: /**
2354:  * Commit a nested transaction
2355:  *
2356:  * @return bool
2357:  */
2358:     protected function _commitNested() {
2359:         $query = 'RELEASE SAVEPOINT LEVEL' . $this->_transactionNesting--;
2360:         if ($this->fullDebug) {
2361:             $this->logQuery($query);
2362:         }
2363:         $this->_connection->exec($query);
2364:         return true;
2365:     }
2366: 
2367: /**
2368:  * Rollback a transaction
2369:  *
2370:  * @return bool True on success, false on fail
2371:  * (i.e. if the database/model does not support transactions,
2372:  * or a transaction has not started).
2373:  */
2374:     public function rollback() {
2375:         if (!$this->_transactionStarted) {
2376:             return false;
2377:         }
2378: 
2379:         if ($this->_transactionNesting === 0) {
2380:             if ($this->fullDebug) {
2381:                 $this->logQuery('ROLLBACK');
2382:             }
2383:             $this->_transactionStarted = false;
2384:             return $this->_connection->rollBack();
2385:         }
2386: 
2387:         if ($this->nestedTransactionSupported()) {
2388:             return $this->_rollbackNested();
2389:         }
2390: 
2391:         $this->_transactionNesting--;
2392:         return true;
2393:     }
2394: 
2395: /**
2396:  * Rollback a nested transaction
2397:  *
2398:  * @return bool
2399:  */
2400:     protected function _rollbackNested() {
2401:         $query = 'ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT LEVEL' . $this->_transactionNesting--;
2402:         if ($this->fullDebug) {
2403:             $this->logQuery($query);
2404:         }
2405:         $this->_connection->exec($query);
2406:         return true;
2407:     }
2408: 
2409: /**
2410:  * Returns the ID generated from the previous INSERT operation.
2411:  *
2412:  * @param mixed $source The source to get an id for.
2413:  * @return mixed
2414:  */
2415:     public function lastInsertId($source = null) {
2416:         return $this->_connection->lastInsertId();
2417:     }
2418: 
2419: /**
2420:  * Creates a default set of conditions from the model if $conditions is null/empty.
2421:  * If conditions are supplied then they will be returned. If a model doesn't exist and no conditions
2422:  * were provided either null or false will be returned based on what was input.
2423:  *
2424:  * @param Model $Model The model to get conditions for.
2425:  * @param string|array|bool $conditions Array of conditions, conditions string, null or false. If an array of conditions,
2426:  *   or string conditions those conditions will be returned. With other values the model's existence will be checked.
2427:  *   If the model doesn't exist a null or false will be returned depending on the input value.
2428:  * @param bool $useAlias Use model aliases rather than table names when generating conditions
2429:  * @return mixed Either null, false, $conditions or an array of default conditions to use.
2430:  * @see DboSource::update()
2431:  * @see DboSource::conditions()
2432:  */
2433:     public function defaultConditions(Model $Model, $conditions, $useAlias = true) {
2434:         if (!empty($conditions)) {
2435:             return $conditions;
2436:         }
2437:         $exists = $Model->exists();
2438:         if (!$exists && ($conditions !== null || !empty($Model->__safeUpdateMode))) {
2439:             return false;
2440:         } elseif (!$exists) {
2441:             return null;
2442:         }
2443:         $alias = $Model->alias;
2444: 
2445:         if (!$useAlias) {
2446:             $alias = $this->fullTableName($Model, false);
2447:         }
2448:         return array("{$alias}.{$Model->primaryKey}" => $Model->getID());
2449:     }
2450: 
2451: /**
2452:  * Returns a key formatted like a string Model.fieldname(i.e. Post.title, or Country.name)
2453:  *
2454:  * @param Model $Model The model to get a key for.
2455:  * @param string $key The key field.
2456:  * @param string $assoc The association name.
2457:  * @return string
2458:  */
2459:     public function resolveKey(Model $Model, $key, $assoc = null) {
2460:         if (strpos('.', $key) !== false) {
2461:             return $this->name($Model->alias) . '.' . $this->name($key);
2462:         }
2463:         return $key;
2464:     }
2465: 
2466: /**
2467:  * Private helper method to remove query metadata in given data array.
2468:  *
2469:  * @param array $data The data to scrub.
2470:  * @return array
2471:  */
2472:     protected function _scrubQueryData($data) {
2473:         static $base = null;
2474:         if ($base === null) {
2475:             $base = array_fill_keys(array('conditions', 'fields', 'joins', 'order', 'limit', 'offset', 'group'), array());
2476:             $base['callbacks'] = null;
2477:         }
2478:         return (array)$data + $base;
2479:     }
2480: 
2481: /**
2482:  * Converts model virtual fields into sql expressions to be fetched later
2483:  *
2484:  * @param Model $Model The model to get virtual fields for.
2485:  * @param string $alias Alias table name
2486:  * @param array $fields virtual fields to be used on query
2487:  * @return array
2488:  */
2489:     protected function _constructVirtualFields(Model $Model, $alias, $fields) {
2490:         $virtual = array();
2491:         foreach ($fields as $field) {
2492:             $virtualField = $this->name($alias . $this->virtualFieldSeparator . $field);
2493:             $expression = $this->_quoteFields($Model->getVirtualField($field));
2494:             $virtual[] = '(' . $expression . ") {$this->alias} {$virtualField}";
2495:         }
2496:         return $virtual;
2497:     }
2498: 
2499: /**
2500:  * Generates the fields list of an SQL query.
2501:  *
2502:  * @param Model $Model The model to get fields for.
2503:  * @param string $alias Alias table name
2504:  * @param mixed $fields The provided list of fields.
2505:  * @param bool $quote If false, returns fields array unquoted
2506:  * @return array
2507:  */
2508:     public function fields(Model $Model, $alias = null, $fields = array(), $quote = true) {
2509:         if (empty($alias)) {
2510:             $alias = $Model->alias;
2511:         }
2512:         $virtualFields = $Model->getVirtualField();
2513:         $cacheKey = array(
2514:             $alias,
2515:             get_class($Model),
2516:             $Model->alias,
2517:             $virtualFields,
2518:             $fields,
2519:             $quote,
2520:             ConnectionManager::getSourceName($this),
2521:             $Model->schemaName,
2522:             $Model->table
2523:         );
2524:         $cacheKey = md5(serialize($cacheKey));
2525:         if ($return = $this->cacheMethod(__FUNCTION__, $cacheKey)) {
2526:             return $return;
2527:         }
2528:         $allFields = empty($fields);
2529:         if ($allFields) {
2530:             $fields = array_keys($Model->schema());
2531:         } elseif (!is_array($fields)) {
2532:             $fields = CakeText::tokenize($fields);
2533:         }
2534:         $fields = array_values(array_filter($fields));
2535:         $allFields = $allFields || in_array('*', $fields) || in_array($Model->alias . '.*', $fields);
2536: 
2537:         $virtual = array();
2538:         if (!empty($virtualFields)) {
2539:             $virtualKeys = array_keys($virtualFields);
2540:             foreach ($virtualKeys as $field) {
2541:                 $virtualKeys[] = $Model->alias . '.' . $field;
2542:             }
2543:             $virtual = ($allFields) ? $virtualKeys : array_intersect($virtualKeys, $fields);
2544:             foreach ($virtual as $i => $field) {
2545:                 if (strpos($field, '.') !== false) {
2546:                     $virtual[$i] = str_replace($Model->alias . '.', '', $field);
2547:                 }
2548:                 $fields = array_diff($fields, array($field));
2549:             }
2550:             $fields = array_values($fields);
2551:         }
2552:         if (!$quote) {
2553:             if (!empty($virtual)) {
2554:                 $fields = array_merge($fields, $this->_constructVirtualFields($Model, $alias, $virtual));
2555:             }
2556:             return $fields;
2557:         }
2558:         $count = count($fields);
2559: 
2560:         if ($count >= 1 && !in_array($fields[0], array('*', 'COUNT(*)'))) {
2561:             for ($i = 0; $i < $count; $i++) {
2562:                 if (is_string($fields[$i]) && in_array($fields[$i], $virtual)) {
2563:                     unset($fields[$i]);
2564:                     continue;
2565:                 }
2566:                 if (is_object($fields[$i]) && isset($fields[$i]->type) && $fields[$i]->type === 'expression') {
2567:                     $fields[$i] = $fields[$i]->value;
2568:                 } elseif (preg_match('/^\(.*\)\s' . $this->alias . '.*/i', $fields[$i])) {
2569:                     continue;
2570:                 } elseif (!preg_match('/^.+\\(.*\\)/', $fields[$i])) {
2571:                     $prepend = '';
2572: 
2573:                     if (strpos($fields[$i], 'DISTINCT') !== false) {
2574:                         $prepend = 'DISTINCT ';
2575:                         $fields[$i] = trim(str_replace('DISTINCT', '', $fields[$i]));
2576:                     }
2577:                     $dot = strpos($fields[$i], '.');
2578: 
2579:                     if ($dot === false) {
2580:                         $prefix = !(
2581:                             strpos($fields[$i], ' ') !== false ||
2582:                             strpos($fields[$i], '(') !== false
2583:                         );
2584:                         $fields[$i] = $this->name(($prefix ? $alias . '.' : '') . $fields[$i]);
2585:                     } else {
2586:                         if (strpos($fields[$i], ',') === false) {
2587:                             $build = explode('.', $fields[$i]);
2588:                             if (!Hash::numeric($build)) {
2589:                                 $fields[$i] = $this->name(implode('.', $build));
2590:                             }
2591:                         }
2592:                     }
2593:                     $fields[$i] = $prepend . $fields[$i];
2594:                 } elseif (preg_match('/\(([\.\w]+)\)/', $fields[$i], $field)) {
2595:                     if (isset($field[1])) {
2596:                         if (strpos($field[1], '.') === false) {
2597:                             $field[1] = $this->name($alias . '.' . $field[1]);
2598:                         } else {
2599:                             $field[0] = explode('.', $field[1]);
2600:                             if (!Hash::numeric($field[0])) {
2601:                                 $field[0] = implode('.', array_map(array(&$this, 'name'), $field[0]));
2602:                                 $fields[$i] = preg_replace('/\(' . $field[1] . '\)/', '(' . $field[0] . ')', $fields[$i], 1);
2603:                             }
2604:                         }
2605:                     }
2606:                 }
2607:             }
2608:         }
2609:         if (!empty($virtual)) {
2610:             $fields = array_merge($fields, $this->_constructVirtualFields($Model, $alias, $virtual));
2611:         }
2612:         return $this->cacheMethod(__FUNCTION__, $cacheKey, array_unique($fields));
2613:     }
2614: 
2615: /**
2616:  * Creates a WHERE clause by parsing given conditions data. If an array or string
2617:  * conditions are provided those conditions will be parsed and quoted. If a boolean
2618:  * is given it will be integer cast as condition. Null will return 1 = 1.
2619:  *
2620:  * Results of this method are stored in a memory cache. This improves performance, but
2621:  * because the method uses a hashing algorithm it can have collisions.
2622:  * Setting DboSource::$cacheMethods to false will disable the memory cache.
2623:  *
2624:  * @param mixed $conditions Array or string of conditions, or any value.
2625:  * @param bool $quoteValues If true, values should be quoted
2626:  * @param bool $where If true, "WHERE " will be prepended to the return value
2627:  * @param Model $Model A reference to the Model instance making the query
2628:  * @return string SQL fragment
2629:  */
2630:     public function conditions($conditions, $quoteValues = true, $where = true, Model $Model = null) {
2631:         $clause = $out = '';
2632: 
2633:         if ($where) {
2634:             $clause = ' WHERE ';
2635:         }
2636: 
2637:         if (is_array($conditions) && !empty($conditions)) {
2638:             $out = $this->conditionKeysToString($conditions, $quoteValues, $Model);
2639: 
2640:             if (empty($out)) {
2641:                 return $clause . ' 1 = 1';
2642:             }
2643:             return $clause . implode(' AND ', $out);
2644:         }
2645: 
2646:         if (is_bool($conditions)) {
2647:             return $clause . (int)$conditions . ' = 1';
2648:         }
2649: 
2650:         if (empty($conditions) || trim($conditions) === '') {
2651:             return $clause . '1 = 1';
2652:         }
2653: 
2654:         $clauses = '/^WHERE\\x20|^GROUP\\x20BY\\x20|^HAVING\\x20|^ORDER\\x20BY\\x20/i';
2655: 
2656:         if (preg_match($clauses, $conditions)) {
2657:             $clause = '';
2658:         }
2659: 
2660:         $conditions = $this->_quoteFields($conditions);
2661: 
2662:         return $clause . $conditions;
2663:     }
2664: 
2665: /**
2666:  * Creates a WHERE clause by parsing given conditions array. Used by DboSource::conditions().
2667:  *
2668:  * @param array $conditions Array or string of conditions
2669:  * @param bool $quoteValues If true, values should be quoted
2670:  * @param Model $Model A reference to the Model instance making the query
2671:  * @return string SQL fragment
2672:  */
2673:     public function conditionKeysToString($conditions, $quoteValues = true, Model $Model = null) {
2674:         $out = array();
2675:         $data = $columnType = null;
2676:         $bool = array('and', 'or', 'not', 'and not', 'or not', 'xor', '||', '&&');
2677: 
2678:         foreach ($conditions as $key => $value) {
2679:             $join = ' AND ';
2680:             $not = null;
2681: 
2682:             if (is_array($value)) {
2683:                 $valueInsert = (
2684:                     !empty($value) &&
2685:                     (substr_count($key, '?') === count($value) || substr_count($key, ':') === count($value))
2686:                 );
2687:             }
2688: 
2689:             if (is_numeric($key) && empty($value)) {
2690:                 continue;
2691:             } elseif (is_numeric($key) && is_string($value)) {
2692:                 $out[] = $this->_quoteFields($value);
2693:             } elseif ((is_numeric($key) && is_array($value)) || in_array(strtolower(trim($key)), $bool)) {
2694:                 if (in_array(strtolower(trim($key)), $bool)) {
2695:                     $join = ' ' . strtoupper($key) . ' ';
2696:                 } else {
2697:                     $key = $join;
2698:                 }
2699:                 $value = $this->conditionKeysToString($value, $quoteValues, $Model);
2700: 
2701:                 if (strpos($join, 'NOT') !== false) {
2702:                     if (strtoupper(trim($key)) === 'NOT') {
2703:                         $key = 'AND ' . trim($key);
2704:                     }
2705:                     $not = 'NOT ';
2706:                 }
2707: 
2708:                 if (empty($value)) {
2709:                     continue;
2710:                 }
2711: 
2712:                 if (empty($value[1])) {
2713:                     if ($not) {
2714:                         $out[] = $not . '(' . $value[0] . ')';
2715:                     } else {
2716:                         $out[] = $value[0];
2717:                     }
2718:                 } else {
2719:                     $out[] = '(' . $not . '(' . implode(') ' . strtoupper($key) . ' (', $value) . '))';
2720:                 }
2721:             } else {
2722:                 if (is_object($value) && isset($value->type)) {
2723:                     if ($value->type === 'identifier') {
2724:                         $data .= $this->name($key) . ' = ' . $this->name($value->value);
2725:                     } elseif ($value->type === 'expression') {
2726:                         if (is_numeric($key)) {
2727:                             $data .= $value->value;
2728:                         } else {
2729:                             $data .= $this->name($key) . ' = ' . $value->value;
2730:                         }
2731:                     }
2732:                 } elseif (is_array($value) && !empty($value) && !$valueInsert) {
2733:                     $keys = array_keys($value);
2734:                     if ($keys === array_values($keys)) {
2735:                         $count = count($value);
2736:                         if ($count === 1 && !preg_match('/\s+(?:NOT|IN|\!=)$/', $key)) {
2737:                             $data = $this->_quoteFields($key) . ' = (';
2738:                             if ($quoteValues) {
2739:                                 if ($Model !== null) {
2740:                                     $columnType = $Model->getColumnType($key);
2741:                                 }
2742:                                 $data .= implode(', ', $this->value($value, $columnType));
2743:                             }
2744:                             $data .= ')';
2745:                         } else {
2746:                             $data = $this->_parseKey($key, $value, $Model);
2747:                         }
2748:                     } else {
2749:                         $ret = $this->conditionKeysToString($value, $quoteValues, $Model);
2750:                         if (count($ret) > 1) {
2751:                             $data = '(' . implode(') AND (', $ret) . ')';
2752:                         } elseif (isset($ret[0])) {
2753:                             $data = $ret[0];
2754:                         }
2755:                     }
2756:                 } elseif (is_numeric($key) && !empty($value)) {
2757:                     $data = $this->_quoteFields($value);
2758:                 } else {
2759:                     $data = $this->_parseKey(trim($key), $value, $Model);
2760:                 }
2761: 
2762:                 if ($data) {
2763:                     $out[] = $data;
2764:                     $data = null;
2765:                 }
2766:             }
2767:         }
2768:         return $out;
2769:     }
2770: 
2771: /**
2772:  * Extracts a Model.field identifier and an SQL condition operator from a string, formats
2773:  * and inserts values, and composes them into an SQL snippet.
2774:  *
2775:  * @param string $key An SQL key snippet containing a field and optional SQL operator
2776:  * @param mixed $value The value(s) to be inserted in the string
2777:  * @param Model $Model Model object initiating the query
2778:  * @return string
2779:  */
2780:     protected function _parseKey($key, $value, Model $Model = null) {
2781:         $operatorMatch = '/^(((' . implode(')|(', $this->_sqlOps);
2782:         $operatorMatch .= ')\\x20?)|<[>=]?(?![^>]+>)\\x20?|[>=!]{1,3}(?!<)\\x20?)/is';
2783:         $bound = (strpos($key, '?') !== false || (is_array($value) && strpos($key, ':') !== false));
2784: 
2785:         $key = trim($key);
2786:         if (strpos($key, ' ') === false) {
2787:             $operator = '=';
2788:         } else {
2789:             list($key, $operator) = explode(' ', $key, 2);
2790: 
2791:             if (!preg_match($operatorMatch, trim($operator)) && strpos($operator, ' ') !== false) {
2792:                 $key = $key . ' ' . $operator;
2793:                 $split = strrpos($key, ' ');
2794:                 $operator = substr($key, $split);
2795:                 $key = substr($key, 0, $split);
2796:             }
2797:         }
2798: 
2799:         $virtual = false;
2800:         $type = null;
2801: 
2802:         if ($Model !== null) {
2803:             if ($Model->isVirtualField($key)) {
2804:                 $key = $this->_quoteFields($Model->getVirtualField($key));
2805:                 $virtual = true;
2806:             }
2807: 
2808:             $type = $Model->getColumnType($key);
2809:         }
2810: 
2811:         $null = $value === null || (is_array($value) && empty($value));
2812: 
2813:         if (strtolower($operator) === 'not') {
2814:             $data = $this->conditionKeysToString(
2815:                 array($operator => array($key => $value)), true, $Model
2816:             );
2817:             return $data[0];
2818:         }
2819: 
2820:         $value = $this->value($value, $type);
2821: 
2822:         if (!$virtual && $key !== '?') {
2823:             $isKey = (
2824:                 strpos($key, '(') !== false ||
2825:                 strpos($key, ')') !== false ||
2826:                 strpos($key, '|') !== false
2827:             );
2828:             $key = $isKey ? $this->_quoteFields($key) : $this->name($key);
2829:         }
2830: 
2831:         if ($bound) {
2832:             return CakeText::insert($key . ' ' . trim($operator), $value);
2833:         }
2834: 
2835:         if (!preg_match($operatorMatch, trim($operator))) {
2836:             $operator .= is_array($value) ? ' IN' : ' =';
2837:         }
2838:         $operator = trim($operator);
2839: 
2840:         if (is_array($value)) {
2841:             $value = implode(', ', $value);
2842: 
2843:             switch ($operator) {
2844:                 case '=':
2845:                     $operator = 'IN';
2846:                     break;
2847:                 case '!=':
2848:                 case '<>':
2849:                     $operator = 'NOT IN';
2850:                     break;
2851:             }
2852:             $value = "({$value})";
2853:         } elseif ($null || $value === 'NULL') {
2854:             switch ($operator) {
2855:                 case '=':
2856:                     $operator = 'IS';
2857:                     break;
2858:                 case '!=':
2859:                 case '<>':
2860:                     $operator = 'IS NOT';
2861:                     break;
2862:             }
2863:         }
2864:         if ($virtual) {
2865:             return "({$key}) {$operator} {$value}";
2866:         }
2867:         return "{$key} {$operator} {$value}";
2868:     }
2869: 
2870: /**
2871:  * Quotes Model.fields
2872:  *
2873:  * @param string $conditions The conditions to quote.
2874:  * @return string or false if no match
2875:  */
2876:     protected function _quoteFields($conditions) {
2877:         $start = $end = null;
2878:         $original = $conditions;
2879: 
2880:         if (!empty($this->startQuote)) {
2881:             $start = preg_quote($this->startQuote);
2882:         }
2883:         if (!empty($this->endQuote)) {
2884:             $end = preg_quote($this->endQuote);
2885:         }
2886:         // Remove quotes and requote all the Model.field names.
2887:         $conditions = str_replace(array($start, $end), '', $conditions);
2888:         $conditions = preg_replace_callback(
2889:             '/(?:[\'\"][^\'\"\\\]*(?:\\\.[^\'\"\\\]*)*[\'\"])|([a-z0-9_][a-z0-9\\-_]*\\.[a-z0-9_][a-z0-9_\\-]*)/i',
2890:             array(&$this, '_quoteMatchedField'),
2891:             $conditions
2892:         );
2893:         // Quote `table_name AS Alias`
2894:         $conditions = preg_replace(
2895:             '/(\s[a-z0-9\\-_.' . $start . $end . ']*' . $end . ')\s+AS\s+([a-z0-9\\-_]+)/i',
2896:             '\1 AS ' . $this->startQuote . '\2' . $this->endQuote,
2897:             $conditions
2898:         );
2899:         if ($conditions !== null) {
2900:             return $conditions;
2901:         }
2902:         return $original;
2903:     }
2904: 
2905: /**
2906:  * Auxiliary function to quote matches `Model.fields` from a preg_replace_callback call
2907:  *
2908:  * @param string $match matched string
2909:  * @return string quoted string
2910:  */
2911:     protected function _quoteMatchedField($match) {
2912:         if (is_numeric($match[0])) {
2913:             return $match[0];
2914:         }
2915:         return $this->name($match[0]);
2916:     }
2917: 
2918: /**
2919:  * Returns a limit statement in the correct format for the particular database.
2920:  *
2921:  * @param int $limit Limit of results returned
2922:  * @param int $offset Offset from which to start results
2923:  * @return string SQL limit/offset statement
2924:  */
2925:     public function limit($limit, $offset = null) {
2926:         if ($limit) {
2927:             $rt = ' LIMIT';
2928: 
2929:             if ($offset) {
2930:                 $rt .= sprintf(' %u,', $offset);
2931:             }
2932: 
2933:             $rt .= sprintf(' %u', $limit);
2934:             return $rt;
2935:         }
2936:         return null;
2937:     }
2938: 
2939: /**
2940:  * Returns an ORDER BY clause as a string.
2941:  *
2942:  * @param array|string $keys Field reference, as a key (i.e. Post.title)
2943:  * @param string $direction Direction (ASC or DESC)
2944:  * @param Model $Model Model reference (used to look for virtual field)
2945:  * @return string ORDER BY clause
2946:  */
2947:     public function order($keys, $direction = 'ASC', Model $Model = null) {
2948:         if (!is_array($keys)) {
2949:             $keys = array($keys);
2950:         }
2951: 
2952:         $keys = array_filter($keys);
2953: 
2954:         $result = array();
2955:         while (!empty($keys)) {
2956:             list($key, $dir) = each($keys);
2957:             array_shift($keys);
2958: 
2959:             if (is_numeric($key)) {
2960:                 $key = $dir;
2961:                 $dir = $direction;
2962:             }
2963: 
2964:             if (is_string($key) && strpos($key, ',') !== false && !preg_match('/\(.+\,.+\)/', $key)) {
2965:                 $key = array_map('trim', explode(',', $key));
2966:             }
2967: 
2968:             if (is_array($key)) {
2969:                 //Flatten the array
2970:                 $key = array_reverse($key, true);
2971:                 foreach ($key as $k => $v) {
2972:                     if (is_numeric($k)) {
2973:                         array_unshift($keys, $v);
2974:                     } else {
2975:                         $keys = array($k => $v) + $keys;
2976:                     }
2977:                 }
2978:                 continue;
2979:             } elseif (is_object($key) && isset($key->type) && $key->type === 'expression') {
2980:                 $result[] = $key->value;
2981:                 continue;
2982:             }
2983: 
2984:             if (preg_match('/\\x20(ASC|DESC).*/i', $key, $_dir)) {
2985:                 $dir = $_dir[0];
2986:                 $key = preg_replace('/\\x20(ASC|DESC).*/i', '', $key);
2987:             }
2988: 
2989:             $key = trim($key);
2990: 
2991:             if ($Model !== null) {
2992:                 if ($Model->isVirtualField($key)) {
2993:                     $key = '(' . $this->_quoteFields($Model->getVirtualField($key)) . ')';
2994:                 }
2995: 
2996:                 list($alias) = pluginSplit($key);
2997: 
2998:                 if ($alias !== $Model->alias && is_object($Model->{$alias}) && $Model->{$alias}->isVirtualField($key)) {
2999:                     $key = '(' . $this->_quoteFields($Model->{$alias}->getVirtualField($key)) . ')';
3000:                 }
3001:             }
3002: 
3003:             if (strpos($key, '.')) {
3004:                 $key = preg_replace_callback('/([a-zA-Z0-9_-]{1,})\\.([a-zA-Z0-9_-]{1,})/', array(&$this, '_quoteMatchedField'), $key);
3005:             }
3006: 
3007:             if (!preg_match('/\s/', $key) && strpos($key, '.') === false) {
3008:                 $key = $this->name($key);
3009:             }
3010: 
3011:             $key .= ' ' . trim($dir);
3012: 
3013:             $result[] = $key;
3014:         }
3015: 
3016:         if (!empty($result)) {
3017:             return ' ORDER BY ' . implode(', ', $result);
3018:         }
3019: 
3020:         return '';
3021:     }
3022: 
3023: /**
3024:  * Create a GROUP BY SQL clause.
3025:  *
3026:  * @param string|array $fields Group By fields
3027:  * @param Model $Model The model to get group by fields for.
3028:  * @return string Group By clause or null.
3029:  */
3030:     public function group($fields, Model $Model = null) {
3031:         if (empty($fields)) {
3032:             return null;
3033:         }
3034: 
3035:         if (!is_array($fields)) {
3036:             $fields = array($fields);
3037:         }
3038: 
3039:         if ($Model !== null) {
3040:             foreach ($fields as $index => $key) {
3041:                 if ($Model->isVirtualField($key)) {
3042:                     $fields[$index] = '(' . $Model->getVirtualField($key) . ')';
3043:                 }
3044:             }
3045:         }
3046: 
3047:         $fields = implode(', ', $fields);
3048: 
3049:         return ' GROUP BY ' . $this->_quoteFields($fields);
3050:     }
3051: 
3052: /**
3053:  * Disconnects database, kills the connection and says the connection is closed.
3054:  *
3055:  * @return void
3056:  */
3057:     public function close() {
3058:         $this->disconnect();
3059:     }
3060: 
3061: /**
3062:  * Checks if the specified table contains any record matching specified SQL
3063:  *
3064:  * @param Model $Model Model to search
3065:  * @param string $sql SQL WHERE clause (condition only, not the "WHERE" part)
3066:  * @return bool True if the table has a matching record, else false
3067:  */
3068:     public function hasAny(Model $Model, $sql) {
3069:         $sql = $this->conditions($sql);
3070:         $table = $this->fullTableName($Model);
3071:         $alias = $this->alias . $this->name($Model->alias);
3072:         $where = $sql ? "{$sql}" : ' WHERE 1 = 1';
3073:         $id = $Model->escapeField();
3074: 
3075:         $out = $this->fetchRow("SELECT COUNT({$id}) {$this->alias}count FROM {$table} {$alias}{$where}");
3076: 
3077:         if (is_array($out)) {
3078:             return $out[0]['count'];
3079:         }
3080:         return false;
3081:     }
3082: 
3083: /**
3084:  * Gets the length of a database-native column description, or null if no length
3085:  *
3086:  * @param string $real Real database-layer column type (i.e. "varchar(255)")
3087:  * @return mixed An integer or string representing the length of the column, or null for unknown length.
3088:  */
3089:     public function length($real) {
3090:         if (!preg_match_all('/([\w\s]+)(?:\((\d+)(?:,(\d+))?\))?(\sunsigned)?(\szerofill)?/', $real, $result)) {
3091:             $col = str_replace(array(')', 'unsigned'), '', $real);
3092:             $limit = null;
3093: 
3094:             if (strpos($col, '(') !== false) {
3095:                 list($col, $limit) = explode('(', $col);
3096:             }
3097:             if ($limit !== null) {
3098:                 return (int)$limit;
3099:             }
3100:             return null;
3101:         }
3102: 
3103:         $types = array(
3104:             'int' => 1, 'tinyint' => 1, 'smallint' => 1, 'mediumint' => 1, 'integer' => 1, 'bigint' => 1
3105:         );
3106: 
3107:         list($real, $type, $length, $offset, $sign) = $result;
3108:         $typeArr = $type;
3109:         $type = $type[0];
3110:         $length = $length[0];
3111:         $offset = $offset[0];
3112: 
3113:         $isFloat = in_array($type, array('dec', 'decimal', 'float', 'numeric', 'double'));
3114:         if ($isFloat && $offset) {
3115:             return $length . ',' . $offset;
3116:         }
3117: 
3118:         if (($real[0] == $type) && (count($real) === 1)) {
3119:             return null;
3120:         }
3121: 
3122:         if (isset($types[$type])) {
3123:             $length += $types[$type];
3124:             if (!empty($sign)) {
3125:                 $length--;
3126:             }
3127:         } elseif (in_array($type, array('enum', 'set'))) {
3128:             $length = 0;
3129:             foreach ($typeArr as $key => $enumValue) {
3130:                 if ($key === 0) {
3131:                     continue;
3132:                 }
3133:                 $tmpLength = strlen($enumValue);
3134:                 if ($tmpLength > $length) {
3135:                     $length = $tmpLength;
3136:                 }
3137:             }
3138:         }
3139:         return (int)$length;
3140:     }
3141: 
3142: /**
3143:  * Translates between PHP boolean values and Database (faked) boolean values
3144:  *
3145:  * @param mixed $data Value to be translated
3146:  * @param bool $quote Whether or not the field should be cast to a string.
3147:  * @return string|bool Converted boolean value
3148:  */
3149:     public function boolean($data, $quote = false) {
3150:         if ($quote) {
3151:             return !empty($data) ? '1' : '0';
3152:         }
3153:         return !empty($data);
3154:     }
3155: 
3156: /**
3157:  * Inserts multiple values into a table
3158:  *
3159:  * @param string $table The table being inserted into.
3160:  * @param array $fields The array of field/column names being inserted.
3161:  * @param array $values The array of values to insert. The values should
3162:  *   be an array of rows. Each row should have values keyed by the column name.
3163:  *   Each row must have the values in the same order as $fields.
3164:  * @return bool
3165:  */
3166:     public function insertMulti($table, $fields, $values) {
3167:         $table = $this->fullTableName($table);
3168:         $holder = implode(',', array_fill(0, count($fields), '?'));
3169:         $fields = implode(', ', array_map(array(&$this, 'name'), $fields));
3170: 
3171:         $pdoMap = array(
3172:             'integer' => PDO::PARAM_INT,
3173:             'float' => PDO::PARAM_STR,
3174:             'boolean' => PDO::PARAM_BOOL,
3175:             'string' => PDO::PARAM_STR,
3176:             'text' => PDO::PARAM_STR
3177:         );
3178:         $columnMap = array();
3179: 
3180:         $sql = "INSERT INTO {$table} ({$fields}) VALUES ({$holder})";
3181:         $statement = $this->_connection->prepare($sql);
3182:         $this->begin();
3183: 
3184:         foreach ($values[key($values)] as $key => $val) {
3185:             $type = $this->introspectType($val);
3186:             $columnMap[$key] = $pdoMap[$type];
3187:         }
3188: 
3189:         foreach ($values as $value) {
3190:             $i = 1;
3191:             foreach ($value as $col => $val) {
3192:                 $statement->bindValue($i, $val, $columnMap[$col]);
3193:                 $i += 1;
3194:             }
3195:             $statement->execute();
3196:             $statement->closeCursor();
3197: 
3198:             if ($this->fullDebug) {
3199:                 $this->logQuery($sql, $value);
3200:             }
3201:         }
3202:         return $this->commit();
3203:     }
3204: 
3205: /**
3206:  * Reset a sequence based on the MAX() value of $column. Useful
3207:  * for resetting sequences after using insertMulti().
3208:  *
3209:  * This method should be implemented by datasources that require sequences to be used.
3210:  *
3211:  * @param string $table The name of the table to update.
3212:  * @param string $column The column to use when resetting the sequence value.
3213:  * @return bool Success.
3214:  */
3215:     public function resetSequence($table, $column) {
3216:     }
3217: 
3218: /**
3219:  * Returns an array of the indexes in given datasource name.
3220:  *
3221:  * @param string $model Name of model to inspect
3222:  * @return array Fields in table. Keys are column and unique
3223:  */
3224:     public function index($model) {
3225:         return array();
3226:     }
3227: 
3228: /**
3229:  * Generate a database-native schema for the given Schema object
3230:  *
3231:  * @param CakeSchema $schema An instance of a subclass of CakeSchema
3232:  * @param string $tableName Optional. If specified only the table name given will be generated.
3233:  *   Otherwise, all tables defined in the schema are generated.
3234:  * @return string
3235:  */
3236:     public function createSchema($schema, $tableName = null) {
3237:         if (!$schema instanceof CakeSchema) {
3238:             trigger_error(__d('cake_dev', 'Invalid schema object'), E_USER_WARNING);
3239:             return null;
3240:         }
3241:         $out = '';
3242: 
3243:         foreach ($schema->tables as $curTable => $columns) {
3244:             if (!$tableName || $tableName === $curTable) {
3245:                 $cols = $indexes = $tableParameters = array();
3246:                 $primary = null;
3247:                 $table = $this->fullTableName($curTable);
3248: 
3249:                 $primaryCount = 0;
3250:                 foreach ($columns as $col) {
3251:                     if (isset($col['key']) && $col['key'] === 'primary') {
3252:                         $primaryCount++;
3253:                     }
3254:                 }
3255: 
3256:                 foreach ($columns as $name => $col) {
3257:                     if (is_string($col)) {
3258:                         $col = array('type' => $col);
3259:                     }
3260:                     $isPrimary = isset($col['key']) && $col['key'] === 'primary';
3261:                     // Multi-column primary keys are not supported.
3262:                     if ($isPrimary && $primaryCount > 1) {
3263:                         unset($col['key']);
3264:                         $isPrimary = false;
3265:                     }
3266:                     if ($isPrimary) {
3267:                         $primary = $name;
3268:                     }
3269:                     if ($name !== 'indexes' && $name !== 'tableParameters') {
3270:                         $col['name'] = $name;
3271:                         if (!isset($col['type'])) {
3272:                             $col['type'] = 'string';
3273:                         }
3274:                         $cols[] = $this->buildColumn($col);
3275:                     } elseif ($name === 'indexes') {
3276:                         $indexes = array_merge($indexes, $this->buildIndex($col, $table));
3277:                     } elseif ($name === 'tableParameters') {
3278:                         $tableParameters = array_merge($tableParameters, $this->buildTableParameters($col, $table));
3279:                     }
3280:                 }
3281:                 if (!isset($columns['indexes']['PRIMARY']) && !empty($primary)) {
3282:                     $col = array('PRIMARY' => array('column' => $primary, 'unique' => 1));
3283:                     $indexes = array_merge($indexes, $this->buildIndex($col, $table));
3284:                 }
3285:                 $columns = $cols;
3286:                 $out .= $this->renderStatement('schema', compact('table', 'columns', 'indexes', 'tableParameters')) . "\n\n";
3287:             }
3288:         }
3289:         return $out;
3290:     }
3291: 
3292: /**
3293:  * Generate an alter syntax from CakeSchema::compare()
3294:  *
3295:  * @param mixed $compare The comparison data.
3296:  * @param string $table The table name.
3297:  * @return bool
3298:  */
3299:     public function alterSchema($compare, $table = null) {
3300:         return false;
3301:     }
3302: 
3303: /**
3304:  * Generate a "drop table" statement for the given Schema object
3305:  *
3306:  * @param CakeSchema $schema An instance of a subclass of CakeSchema
3307:  * @param string $table Optional. If specified only the table name given will be generated.
3308:  *   Otherwise, all tables defined in the schema are generated.
3309:  * @return string
3310:  */
3311:     public function dropSchema(CakeSchema $schema, $table = null) {
3312:         $out = '';
3313: 
3314:         if ($table && array_key_exists($table, $schema->tables)) {
3315:             return $this->_dropTable($table) . "\n";
3316:         } elseif ($table) {
3317:             return $out;
3318:         }
3319: 
3320:         foreach (array_keys($schema->tables) as $curTable) {
3321:             $out .= $this->_dropTable($curTable) . "\n";
3322:         }
3323:         return $out;
3324:     }
3325: 
3326: /**
3327:  * Generate a "drop table" statement for a single table
3328:  *
3329:  * @param type $table Name of the table to drop
3330:  * @return string Drop table SQL statement
3331:  */
3332:     protected function _dropTable($table) {
3333:         return 'DROP TABLE ' . $this->fullTableName($table) . ";";
3334:     }
3335: 
3336: /**
3337:  * Generate a database-native column schema string
3338:  *
3339:  * @param array $column An array structured like the following: array('name' => 'value', 'type' => 'value'[, options]),
3340:  *   where options can be 'default', 'length', or 'key'.
3341:  * @return string
3342:  */
3343:     public function buildColumn($column) {
3344:         $name = $type = null;
3345:         extract(array_merge(array('null' => true), $column));
3346: 
3347:         if (empty($name) || empty($type)) {
3348:             trigger_error(__d('cake_dev', 'Column name or type not defined in schema'), E_USER_WARNING);
3349:             return null;
3350:         }
3351: 
3352:         if (!isset($this->columns[$type])) {
3353:             trigger_error(__d('cake_dev', 'Column type %s does not exist', $type), E_USER_WARNING);
3354:             return null;
3355:         }
3356: 
3357:         $real = $this->columns[$type];
3358:         $out = $this->name($name) . ' ' . $real['name'];
3359: 
3360:         if (isset($column['length'])) {
3361:             $length = $column['length'];
3362:         } elseif (isset($column['limit'])) {
3363:             $length = $column['limit'];
3364:         } elseif (isset($real['length'])) {
3365:             $length = $real['length'];
3366:         } elseif (isset($real['limit'])) {
3367:             $length = $real['limit'];
3368:         }
3369:         if (isset($length)) {
3370:             $out .= '(' . $length . ')';
3371:         }
3372: 
3373:         if (($column['type'] === 'integer' || $column['type'] === 'float') && isset($column['default']) && $column['default'] === '') {
3374:             $column['default'] = null;
3375:         }
3376:         $out = $this->_buildFieldParameters($out, $column, 'beforeDefault');
3377: 
3378:         if (isset($column['key']) && $column['key'] === 'primary' && ($type === 'integer' || $type === 'biginteger')) {
3379:             $out .= ' ' . $this->columns['primary_key']['name'];
3380:         } elseif (isset($column['key']) && $column['key'] === 'primary') {
3381:             $out .= ' NOT NULL';
3382:         } elseif (isset($column['default']) && isset($column['null']) && $column['null'] === false) {
3383:             $out .= ' DEFAULT ' . $this->value($column['default'], $type) . ' NOT NULL';
3384:         } elseif (isset($column['default'])) {
3385:             $out .= ' DEFAULT ' . $this->value($column['default'], $type);
3386:         } elseif ($type !== 'timestamp' && !empty($column['null'])) {
3387:             $out .= ' DEFAULT NULL';
3388:         } elseif ($type === 'timestamp' && !empty($column['null'])) {
3389:             $out .= ' NULL';
3390:         } elseif (isset($column['null']) && $column['null'] === false) {
3391:             $out .= ' NOT NULL';
3392:         }
3393:         if ($type === 'timestamp' && isset($column['default']) && strtolower($column['default']) === 'current_timestamp') {
3394:             $out = str_replace(array("'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'", "'current_timestamp'"), 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP', $out);
3395:         }
3396:         return $this->_buildFieldParameters($out, $column, 'afterDefault');
3397:     }
3398: 
3399: /**
3400:  * Build the field parameters, in a position
3401:  *
3402:  * @param string $columnString The partially built column string
3403:  * @param array $columnData The array of column data.
3404:  * @param string $position The position type to use. 'beforeDefault' or 'afterDefault' are common
3405:  * @return string a built column with the field parameters added.
3406:  */
3407:     protected function _buildFieldParameters($columnString, $columnData, $position) {
3408:         foreach ($this->fieldParameters as $paramName => $value) {
3409:             if (isset($columnData[$paramName]) && $value['position'] == $position) {
3410:                 if (isset($value['options']) && !in_array($columnData[$paramName], $value['options'], true)) {
3411:                     continue;
3412:                 }
3413:                 if (isset($value['types']) && !in_array($columnData['type'], $value['types'], true)) {
3414:                     continue;
3415:                 }
3416:                 $val = $columnData[$paramName];
3417:                 if ($value['quote']) {
3418:                     $val = $this->value($val);
3419:                 }
3420:                 $columnString .= ' ' . $value['value'] . (empty($value['noVal']) ? $value['join'] . $val : '');
3421:             }
3422:         }
3423:         return $columnString;
3424:     }
3425: 
3426: /**
3427:  * Format indexes for create table.
3428:  *
3429:  * @param array $indexes The indexes to build
3430:  * @param string $table The table name.
3431:  * @return array
3432:  */
3433:     public function buildIndex($indexes, $table = null) {
3434:         $join = array();
3435:         foreach ($indexes as $name => $value) {
3436:             $out = '';
3437:             if ($name === 'PRIMARY') {
3438:                 $out .= 'PRIMARY ';
3439:                 $name = null;
3440:             } else {
3441:                 if (!empty($value['unique'])) {
3442:                     $out .= 'UNIQUE ';
3443:                 }
3444:                 $name = $this->startQuote . $name . $this->endQuote;
3445:             }
3446:             if (is_array($value['column'])) {
3447:                 $out .= 'KEY ' . $name . ' (' . implode(', ', array_map(array(&$this, 'name'), $value['column'])) . ')';
3448:             } else {
3449:                 $out .= 'KEY ' . $name . ' (' . $this->name($value['column']) . ')';
3450:             }
3451:             $join[] = $out;
3452:         }
3453:         return $join;
3454:     }
3455: 
3456: /**
3457:  * Read additional table parameters
3458:  *
3459:  * @param string $name The table name to read.
3460:  * @return array
3461:  */
3462:     public function readTableParameters($name) {
3463:         $parameters = array();
3464:         if (method_exists($this, 'listDetailedSources')) {
3465:             $currentTableDetails = $this->listDetailedSources($name);
3466:             foreach ($this->tableParameters as $paramName => $parameter) {
3467:                 if (!empty($parameter['column']) && !empty($currentTableDetails[$parameter['column']])) {
3468:                     $parameters[$paramName] = $currentTableDetails[$parameter['column']];
3469:                 }
3470:             }
3471:         }
3472:         return $parameters;
3473:     }
3474: 
3475: /**
3476:  * Format parameters for create table
3477:  *
3478:  * @param array $parameters The parameters to create SQL for.
3479:  * @param string $table The table name.
3480:  * @return array
3481:  */
3482:     public function buildTableParameters($parameters, $table = null) {
3483:         $result = array();
3484:         foreach ($parameters as $name => $value) {
3485:             if (isset($this->tableParameters[$name])) {
3486:                 if ($this->tableParameters[$name]['quote']) {
3487:                     $value = $this->value($value);
3488:                 }
3489:                 $result[] = $this->tableParameters[$name]['value'] . $this->tableParameters[$name]['join'] . $value;
3490:             }
3491:         }
3492:         return $result;
3493:     }
3494: 
3495: /**
3496:  * Guesses the data type of an array
3497:  *
3498:  * @param string $value The value to introspect for type data.
3499:  * @return string
3500:  */
3501:     public function introspectType($value) {
3502:         if (!is_array($value)) {
3503:             if (is_bool($value)) {
3504:                 return 'boolean';
3505:             }
3506:             if (is_float($value) && (float)$value === $value) {
3507:                 return 'float';
3508:             }
3509:             if (is_int($value) && (int)$value === $value) {
3510:                 return 'integer';
3511:             }
3512:             if (is_string($value) && strlen($value) > 255) {
3513:                 return 'text';
3514:             }
3515:             return 'string';
3516:         }
3517: 
3518:         $isAllFloat = $isAllInt = true;
3519:         $containsInt = $containsString = false;
3520:         foreach ($value as $valElement) {
3521:             $valElement = trim($valElement);
3522:             if (!is_float($valElement) && !preg_match('/^[\d]+\.[\d]+$/', $valElement)) {
3523:                 $isAllFloat = false;
3524:             } else {
3525:                 continue;
3526:             }
3527:             if (!is_int($valElement) && !preg_match('/^[\d]+$/', $valElement)) {
3528:                 $isAllInt = false;
3529:             } else {
3530:                 $containsInt = true;
3531:                 continue;
3532:             }
3533:             $containsString = true;
3534:         }
3535: 
3536:         if ($isAllFloat) {
3537:             return 'float';
3538:         }
3539:         if ($isAllInt) {
3540:             return 'integer';
3541:         }
3542: 
3543:         if ($containsInt && !$containsString) {
3544:             return 'integer';
3545:         }
3546:         return 'string';
3547:     }
3548: 
3549: /**
3550:  * Writes a new key for the in memory sql query cache
3551:  *
3552:  * @param string $sql SQL query
3553:  * @param mixed $data result of $sql query
3554:  * @param array $params query params bound as values
3555:  * @return void
3556:  */
3557:     protected function _writeQueryCache($sql, $data, $params = array()) {
3558:         if (preg_match('/^\s*select/i', $sql)) {
3559:             $this->_queryCache[$sql][serialize($params)] = $data;
3560:         }
3561:     }
3562: 
3563: /**
3564:  * Returns the result for a sql query if it is already cached
3565:  *
3566:  * @param string $sql SQL query
3567:  * @param array $params query params bound as values
3568:  * @return mixed results for query if it is cached, false otherwise
3569:  */
3570:     public function getQueryCache($sql, $params = array()) {
3571:         if (isset($this->_queryCache[$sql]) && preg_match('/^\s*select/i', $sql)) {
3572:             $serialized = serialize($params);
3573:             if (isset($this->_queryCache[$sql][$serialized])) {
3574:                 return $this->_queryCache[$sql][$serialized];
3575:             }
3576:         }
3577:         return false;
3578:     }
3579: 
3580: /**
3581:  * Used for storing in cache the results of the in-memory methodCache
3582:  */
3583:     public function __destruct() {
3584:         if ($this->_methodCacheChange) {
3585:             Cache::write('method_cache', static::$methodCache, '_cake_core_');
3586:         }
3587:         parent::__destruct();
3588:     }
3589: 
3590: }
3591: