Class Debugger

Provide custom logging and error handling.

Debugger overrides PHP's default error handling to provide stack traces and enhanced logging

Namespace: Cake\Error
Link: https://book.cakephp.org/3/en/development/debugging.html#namespace-Cake\Error

Property Summary

$_config protected

array

Runtime config
$_configInitialized protected

bool

Whether the config property has already been configured with defaults
$_data protected

array

Holds current output data when outputFormat is false.
$_defaultConfig protected

array

Default configuration
$_outputFormat protected

string

The current output format.
$_templates protected

array

Templates used when generating trace or error strings. Can be global or indexed by the format value used in $_outputFormat.
$errors public

array

A list of errors generated by the application.

Method Summary

__construct() public

Constructor.
_array() protected static

Export an array type object. Filters out keys used in datasource configuration.
_configDelete() protected

Deletes a single config key.
_configRead() protected

Reads a config key.
_configWrite() protected

Writes a config key.
_export() protected static

Protected export function used to keep track of indentation and recursion.
_highlight() protected static

Wraps the highlight_string function in case the server API does not implement the function as it is the case of the HipHop interpreter
_object() protected static

Handles object to string conversion.
addFormat() public static

Add an output format or update a format in Debugger.
checkSecurityKeys() public static

Verifies that the application's salt and cipher seed value has been changed from the default value.
config() public deprecated

Gets/Sets the config.
configInstance() public static

Read or write configuration options for the Debugger instance.
configShallow() public

Merge provided config with existing config. Unlike config() which does a recursive merge for nested keys, this method does a simple merge.
dump() public static

Recursively formats and outputs the contents of the supplied variable.
excerpt() public static

Grabs an excerpt from a file and highlights a given line of code.
exportVar() public static

Converts a variable to a string for debug output.
formatTrace() public static

Formats a stack trace based on the supplied options.
getConfig() public

Returns the config.
getConfigOrFail() public

Returns the config for this specific key.
getInstance() public static

Returns a reference to the Debugger singleton object instance.
getOutputFormat() public static

Get the output format for Debugger error rendering.
getType() public static

Get the type of the given variable. Will return the class name for objects.
log() public static

Creates an entry in the log file. The log entry will contain a stack trace from where it was called. as well as export the variable using exportVar. By default the log is written to the debug log.
outputAs() public static deprecated

Get/Set the output format for Debugger error rendering.
outputError() public

Takes a processed array of data from an error and displays it in the chosen format.
outputMask() public static

Reads the current output masking.
printVar() public static

Prints out debug information about given variable.
setConfig() public

Sets the config.
setOutputFormat() public static

Set the output format for Debugger error rendering.
setOutputMask() public static

Sets configurable masking of debugger output by property name and array key names.
trace() public static

Outputs a stack trace based on the supplied options.
trimPath() public static

Shortens file paths by replacing the application base path with 'APP', and the CakePHP core path with 'CORE'.

Method Detail

__construct() ¶ public

__construct()

Constructor.

_array() ¶ protected static

_array(array $var, int $depth, int $indent): string

Export an array type object. Filters out keys used in datasource configuration.

The following keys are replaced with ***'s

password
login
host
database
port
prefix
schema

Parameters

array $var: The array to export.
int $depth: The current depth, used for recursion tracking.
int $indent: The current indentation level.

Returns

string

_configDelete() ¶ protected

_configDelete(string $key): void

Deletes a single config key.

Parameters

string $key: Key to delete.

Returns

void

Throws

Cake\Core\Exception\Exception
if attempting to clobber existing config

_configRead() ¶ protected

_configRead(string|null $key): mixed

Reads a config key.

Parameters

string|null $key: Key to read.

Returns

mixed

_configWrite() ¶ protected

_configWrite(string|array $key, mixed $value, bool|string $merge = false): void

Writes a config key.

Parameters

string|array $key: Key to write to.
mixed $value: Value to write.
bool|string $merge optional: True to merge recursively, 'shallow' for simple merge, false to overwrite, defaults to false.

Returns

void

Throws

Cake\Core\Exception\Exception
if attempting to clobber existing config

_export() ¶ protected static

_export(mixed $var, int $depth, int $indent): string

Protected export function used to keep track of indentation and recursion.

Parameters

mixed $var: The variable to dump.
int $depth: The remaining depth.
int $indent: The current indentation level.

Returns

string

_highlight() ¶ protected static

_highlight(string $str): string

Wraps the highlight_string function in case the server API does not implement the function as it is the case of the HipHop interpreter

Parameters

string $str: The string to convert.

Returns

string

_object() ¶ protected static

_object(object $var, int $depth, int $indent): string

Handles object to string conversion.

Parameters

object $var: Object to convert.
int $depth: The current depth, used for tracking recursion.
int $indent: The current indentation level.

Returns

string

addFormat() ¶ public static

addFormat(string $format, array $strings): array

Add an output format or update a format in Debugger.

Debugger::addFormat('custom', $data);

Where $data is an array of strings that use Text::insert() variable replacement. The template vars should be in a {:id} style. An error formatter can have the following keys:

'error' - Used for the container for the error message. Gets the following template variables: id, error, code, description, path, line, links, info
'info' - A combination of code, context and trace. Will be set with the contents of the other template keys.
'trace' - The container for a stack trace. Gets the following template variables: trace
'context' - The container element for the context variables. Gets the following templates: id, context
'links' - An array of HTML links that are used for creating links to other resources. Typically this is used to create javascript links to open other sections. Link keys, are: code, context, help. See the js output format for an example.
'traceLine' - Used for creating lines in the stacktrace. Gets the following template variables: reference, path, line

Alternatively if you want to use a custom callback to do all the formatting, you can use the callback key, and provide a callable:

Debugger::addFormat('custom', ['callback' => [$foo, 'outputError']];

The callback can expect two parameters. The first is an array of all the error data. The second contains the formatted strings generated using the other template strings. Keys like info, links, code, context and trace will be present depending on the other templates in the format type.

Parameters

string $format: Format to use, including 'js' for JavaScript-enhanced HTML, 'html' for straight HTML output, or 'txt' for unformatted text.
array $strings: Template strings, or a callback to be used for the output format.

Returns

array

checkSecurityKeys() ¶ public static

checkSecurityKeys(): void

Verifies that the application's salt and cipher seed value has been changed from the default value.

Returns

void

config() ¶ public

config(string|array|null $key = null, mixed|null $value = null, bool $merge = true): mixed

Gets/Sets the config.

Usage

Reading the whole config:

$this->config();

Reading a specific value:

$this->config('key');

Reading a nested value:

$this->config('some.nested.key');

Setting a specific value:

$this->config('key', $value);

Setting a nested value:

$this->config('some.nested.key', $value);

Updating multiple config settings at the same time:

$this->config(['one' => 'value', 'another' => 'value']);

Parameters

string|array|null $key optional: The key to get/set, or a complete array of configs.
mixed|null $value optional: The value to set.
bool $merge optional: Whether to recursively merge or overwrite existing config, defaults to true.

Returns

mixed

Throws

Cake\Core\Exception\Exception
When trying to set a key that is invalid.

configInstance() ¶ public static

configInstance(string|array|null $key = null, mixed|null $value = null, bool $merge = true): mixed

Read or write configuration options for the Debugger instance.

Parameters

string|array|null $key optional: The key to get/set, or a complete array of configs.
mixed|null $value optional: The value to set.
bool $merge optional: Whether to recursively merge or overwrite existing config, defaults to true.

Returns

mixed

Throws

Cake\Core\Exception\Exception
When trying to set a key that is invalid.

configShallow() ¶ public

configShallow(string|array $key, mixed|null $value = null): $this

Merge provided config with existing config. Unlike config() which does a recursive merge for nested keys, this method does a simple merge.

Setting a specific value:

$this->configShallow('key', $value);

Setting a nested value:

$this->configShallow('some.nested.key', $value);

Updating multiple config settings at the same time:

$this->configShallow(['one' => 'value', 'another' => 'value']);

Parameters

string|array $key: The key to set, or a complete array of configs.
mixed|null $value optional: The value to set.

Returns

$this

dump() ¶ public static

dump(mixed $var, int $depth = 3): void

Recursively formats and outputs the contents of the supplied variable.

Parameters

mixed $var: The variable to dump.
int $depth optional: The depth to output to. Defaults to 3.

Returns

void

Links

https://book.cakephp.org/3/en/development/debugging.html#outputting-values

excerpt() ¶ public static

excerpt(string $file, int $line, int $context = 2): array

Grabs an excerpt from a file and highlights a given line of code.

Usage:

Debugger::excerpt('/path/to/file', 100, 4);

The above would return an array of 8 items. The 4th item would be the provided line, and would be wrapped in <span class="code-highlight"></span>. All of the lines are processed with highlight_string() as well, so they have basic PHP syntax highlighting applied.

Parameters

string $file: Absolute path to a PHP file.
int $line: Line number to highlight.
int $context optional: Number of lines of context to extract above and below $line.

Returns

array

Links

https://book.cakephp.org/3/en/development/debugging.html#getting-an-excerpt-from-a-file

exportVar() ¶ public static

exportVar(mixed $var, int $depth = 3): string

Converts a variable to a string for debug output.

Note: The following keys will have their contents replaced with *****:

password
- login
- host
- database
- port
- prefix
- schema

This is done to protect database credentials, which could be accidentally shown in an error message if CakePHP is deployed in development mode.

Parameters

mixed $var: Variable to convert.
int $depth optional: The depth to output to. Defaults to 3.

Returns

string

formatTrace() ¶ public static

formatTrace(array|Exception $backtrace, array $options = []): string|array

Formats a stack trace based on the supplied options.

Options

depth - The number of stack frames to return. Defaults to 999
format - The format you want the return. Defaults to the currently selected format. If format is 'array' or 'points' the return will be an array.
args - Should arguments for functions be shown? If true, the arguments for each method call will be displayed.
start - The stack frame to start generating a trace from. Defaults to 0

Parameters

array|Exception $backtrace: Trace as array or an exception object.
array $options optional: Format for outputting stack trace.

Returns

string|array

Links

https://book.cakephp.org/3/en/development/debugging.html#generating-stack-traces

getConfig() ¶ public

getConfig(string|null $key = null, mixed|null $default = null): mixed|null

Returns the config.

Usage

Reading the whole config:

$this->getConfig();

Reading a specific value:

$this->getConfig('key');

Reading a nested value:

$this->getConfig('some.nested.key');

Reading with default value:

$this->getConfig('some-key', 'default-value');

Parameters

string|null $key optional: The key to get or null for the whole config.
mixed|null $default optional: The return value when the key does not exist.

Returns

mixed|null

getConfigOrFail() ¶ public

getConfigOrFail(string|null $key): mixed

Returns the config for this specific key.

The config value for this key must exist, it can never be null.

Parameters

string|null $key: The key to get.

Returns

mixed

Throws

InvalidArgumentException

getInstance() ¶ public static

getInstance(string|null $class = null): Cake\Error\Debugger

Returns a reference to the Debugger singleton object instance.

Parameters

string|null $class optional: Class name.

Returns

Cake\Error\Debugger

getOutputFormat() ¶ public static

getOutputFormat(): string

Get the output format for Debugger error rendering.

Returns

string

getType() ¶ public static

getType(mixed $var): string

Get the type of the given variable. Will return the class name for objects.

Parameters

mixed $var: The variable to get the type of.

Returns

string

log() ¶ public static

log(mixed $var, int|string $level = 'debug', int $depth = 3): void

Creates an entry in the log file. The log entry will contain a stack trace from where it was called. as well as export the variable using exportVar. By default the log is written to the debug log.

Parameters

mixed $var: Variable or content to log.
int|string $level optional: Type of log to use. Defaults to 'debug'.
int $depth optional: The depth to output to. Defaults to 3.

Returns

void

outputAs() ¶ public static

outputAs(string|null $format = null): string|null

Get/Set the output format for Debugger error rendering.

Parameters

string|null $format optional: The format you want errors to be output as. Leave null to get the current format.

Returns

string|null

Throws

InvalidArgumentException
When choosing a format that doesn't exist.

outputError() ¶ public

outputError(array $data): void

Takes a processed array of data from an error and displays it in the chosen format.

Parameters

array $data: Data to output.

Returns

void

outputMask() ¶ public static

outputMask(): array

Reads the current output masking.

Returns

array

printVar() ¶ public static

printVar(mixed $var, array $location = [], bool|null $showHtml = null): void

Prints out debug information about given variable.

Parameters

mixed $var: Variable to show debug information for.
array $location optional: If contains keys "file" and "line" their values will be used to show location info.
bool|null $showHtml optional: If set to true, the method prints the debug data in a browser-friendly way.

Returns

void

setConfig() ¶ public

setConfig(string|array $key, mixed|null $value = null, bool $merge = true): $this

Sets the config.

Usage

Setting a specific value:

$this->setConfig('key', $value);

Setting a nested value:

$this->setConfig('some.nested.key', $value);

Updating multiple config settings at the same time:

$this->setConfig(['one' => 'value', 'another' => 'value']);

Parameters

string|array $key: The key to set, or a complete array of configs.
mixed|null $value optional: The value to set.
bool $merge optional: Whether to recursively merge or overwrite existing config, defaults to true.

Returns

$this

Throws

Cake\Core\Exception\Exception
When trying to set a key that is invalid.

setOutputFormat() ¶ public static

setOutputFormat(string $format): void

Set the output format for Debugger error rendering.

Parameters

string $format: The format you want errors to be output as.

Returns

void

Throws

InvalidArgumentException
When choosing a format that doesn't exist.

setOutputMask() ¶ public static

setOutputMask(array $value, bool $merge = true): void

Sets configurable masking of debugger output by property name and array key names.

Example

Debugger::setOutputMask(['password' => '[*****]');

Parameters

array $value: An array where keys are replaced by their values in output.
bool $merge optional: Whether to recursively merge or overwrite existing config, defaults to true.

Returns

void

trace() ¶ public static

trace(array $options = []): string|array

Outputs a stack trace based on the supplied options.

Options

depth - The number of stack frames to return. Defaults to 999
format - The format you want the return. Defaults to the currently selected format. If format is 'array' or 'points' the return will be an array.
args - Should arguments for functions be shown? If true, the arguments for each method call will be displayed.
start - The stack frame to start generating a trace from. Defaults to 0

Parameters

array $options optional: Format for outputting stack trace.

Returns

string|array

Links

https://book.cakephp.org/3/en/development/debugging.html#generating-stack-traces

trimPath() ¶ public static

trimPath(string $path): string

Shortens file paths by replacing the application base path with 'APP', and the CakePHP core path with 'CORE'.

Parameters

string $path: Path to shorten.

Returns

string

Class Debugger

Property Summary

Method Summary

__construct() public

_array() protected static

_configDelete() protected

_configRead() protected

_configWrite() protected

_export() protected static

_highlight() protected static

_object() protected static

addFormat() public static

checkSecurityKeys() public static

config() public deprecated

configInstance() public static

configShallow() public

dump() public static

excerpt() public static

exportVar() public static

formatTrace() public static

getConfig() public

getConfigOrFail() public

getInstance() public static

getOutputFormat() public static

getType() public static

log() public static

outputAs() public static deprecated

outputError() public

outputMask() public static

printVar() public static

setConfig() public

setOutputFormat() public static

setOutputMask() public static

trace() public static

trimPath() public static

Method Detail

__construct() ¶ public

_array() ¶ protected static

Parameters

Returns

_configDelete() ¶ protected

Parameters

Returns

Throws

_configRead() ¶ protected

Parameters

Returns

_configWrite() ¶ protected

Parameters

Returns

Throws

_export() ¶ protected static

Parameters

Returns

_highlight() ¶ protected static

Parameters

Returns

_object() ¶ protected static

Parameters

Returns

See Also

addFormat() ¶ public static

Parameters

Returns

checkSecurityKeys() ¶ public static

Returns

config() ¶ public

Usage

Parameters

Returns

Throws

configInstance() ¶ public static

Parameters

Returns

Throws

configShallow() ¶ public

Parameters

Returns

dump() ¶ public static